1. Describe the need for switching and define a switch. 2. List the three tradit
ID: 3848090 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Describe the need for switching and define a switch.
2. List the three traditional switching methods. Which are the most common today?
3. Compare and contrast a circuit switched network and a packet-switched network. (How are they alike and how are they different)
4. What is TSI and what is its role in time-division switches.
5. List four major components of a packet switch and their functions.
1. Describe the need for switching and define a switch.
2. List the three traditional switching methods. Which are the most common today?
3. Compare and contrast a circuit switched network and a packet-switched network. (How are they alike and how are they different)
4. What is TSI and what is its role in time-division switches.
5. List four major components of a packet switch and their functions.
Explanation / Answer
1)
Switching is the process of directing a signal or data packet over a network to enable proper communcation between the hosts/nodes in a network. The hosts can be a telephone (or) machine(computer)/(server).
A switch is a device that facilitates switching a signal or data over a network. It is node present in network which forwards the data/signal towards the destination. For a signal/data packet to reach its destination it can pass through many switches.
2)
The three traditional switching methods are :
- Circuit switching
- Message switching
- Packet switching
Commounly used methods are :
- Packet switching for trasferring computer data over a network
- Circuit switching for enabling telephone communication over network.
3)
In packet-switched , data is divided into small packets of fixed size. The routing of packets is dynamic. The route is calculated dynamically based on the algorithm to calculate the distance from a particular node to the destination.
Where as in Circuit switched , a static route needs to be setup and allocated before the connection is established between the two parties.This may cause bandwidth wastage sometimes. Whereas the packet switching, doesnt require any connection to be established.
Since , packet -switching is dynamic the bandwidth is used efficiently with least wastage.
In circuit switching, Quality of Service is guarenteed since connection & aloocation is static unlike packet switching where the performance varies based on the available bandwidth at any time.
4)
TSI is Time Slot Interchange is a concept employed in time-division switches to perform time-division multiplexing.
The switch stores the data in a particular sequence and it reads out the data in another sequence .It is achieved by using a small RAM and counter.
5)
4 components :
- input ports
- output ports
both input & output ports form the physical and datalink layer function in a packet switch.
- routing processor : does the function of network layer by making lookup in the host table and determines the next node to which the data is to be forwarded.
- switching fabric : based on information from routing processor the switching fabric transfers the data packets from input queues to their respective output queues classified based on the source & target nodes/hosts.
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