3.1 Name and describe at least two image formats and compare and contrast each f
ID: 3684718 • Letter: 3
Question
3.1
Name and describe at least two image formats and compare and contrast each format (examples: .png, .gif, .jpeg, .tiff).
What are the color limitations of each format, if any?
What are the advantages of using each format being described?
What are the disadvantages of using each image format explained?
What is the most common image format prevalent on the WWW?
Name and describe at least one type of image editing software.
What are the features of the image editing software?
From your experience or from reading software reviews on the WWW, what do you recommend using for image-editing?
Explanation / Answer
1) Comparing gif and jpeg file formats
i. JPEG is used for photos, GIF for animations
ii. JPEG has colour management and GIF do not have colour management
iii. JPEG does not support transparency whereas GIF supports transparency
iv.JPEG does not support multipage whereas GIF supports multipage
v. JPEG does not support layers whereas GIF supports layers
vi. Both JPEG and GIF supports metadata
vii. Both JPEG and GIF supports Interlacing
2) Colour Limitations of image file formats
GIF supports per-frame (local) palettes and has "as-is" frame disposal method which allows combining of several frames. These two features together allow GIF to have more than 256 colors at a time.
JPEG no colour limitations but supports millions of colours with ICC colour profile
3) Advantages of file formats
JPEG
- high controlled degree of compression. The user independently selects the ratio quality/file size;
- small file size;
- format is compatible and it is displayed correctly in any browsers, text and graphics programs, on all computers, tablets and mobile devices;
- suitable for full-color realistic images with a lot of color and contrast transitions;
- picture quality is high with small degree of compression.
GIF
-They are simple to make using an animation program and a series of images
-They do not require your web browser to have a plug-in
-They have lossless compression so that the file size can be reduced without too much distortion
-Animated GIFs have a relatively small file size
-GIFs are easy to use when creating a webpage
-they are supported by all web browsers
4) Disadvantages of file formats
JPEG
- image may “fall apart” into individual squares – 8×8 pixel blocks when you squeeze it. This occurs because compression algorithm involves analysis of neighboring pixels, due to this smooth color – transitions may become harsh or just disappear;
- JPEG is less suitable for working with text or monochrome graphics with clear boundaries;
- format does not support transparency and In case of drawing templates, logos, buttons it’s necessary;
- every next step of compressing the image degrades its quality .
GIF
-They have a maximum colour depth of 256 bit
-They can slow a webpage down
-The often have a ‘Blocky’ or ‘Pixely’ appearance
-Their use of ‘Dithering’ to prevent harsh colour contrast restricts how much the file can be compressed
-Too few frames in the animation results in a jerky animation
5) Most Prevalent image file format on the web
PNG is now used on 62.4% of all websites, just ahead of GIF with 62.3%. GIF was leading by more than 15% one year ago. PNG is now the most popular lossless image compression format on the web. Only the lossy JPEG, which is the most appropriate format for photographs, is used on more sites
6) Types of image editing software
There are broadly two types of photo editing software:
Professional
This is used by art directors, graphic designers or photographers working with newspapers, magazines and the electronic media companies. It allows for cropping, changing lighting effects, airbrushing errors and more.
Beginner
Such software is used by amateurs and novices who are new to editing, or do it as a hobby. It allows for simple tasks such as adding frames or distorting images and more.
7) Features of image editing software
With so many features available in most software, usage assumes great significance. Good software offer a simple user interface, easy-to-understand directions, and "Wizards" for simplifying tasks such as correcting problems and aiding in quick learning and navigation.
Image editing software should offer features for adding, changing or improving your photos, such as removing red-eye, straightening crooked pictures, taking care of insufficient lighting, and more.
The software features should include organizing capabilities such as thumbnails, keyword search or query or rating, view image formats from digital cameras, store images in digital albums, and image archiving.
The image editing software should provide tools for optimizing parameters such as image resolution, file size and so on, and to enable sharing through various modes such as e-mail, MMS, print, web galleries and social media sites such as Picasa, Shutterfly, Flickr and Facebook.
Photo editing software features should enable saving images in different file formats and in different ways such as printing, on the web, e-mailing and integrating with other applications that allow creation of digital photo albums, collages and cards.
In the graphics world, a huge number of applications create image files in various formats, the most widely used being JPEG, TIF, PICT, BMP, EPS, PDF and GIF. The photo editing software should be capable of importing files of most formats into it, as well as converting from one format to another before exporting.
8) IMAGE EDITING TOOL RECOMMENDED
Recommend Pixlr image editing tool
Pixlr combines image design and paint tools with photo editing and adjustment features more convincingly than any other online image editing program. Whether creating an image carte-blanche, layering one image over another or using a variety of filters, effects and level adjustments to transform photographs, Pixlr is equally capable of producing results on par with many of its software-based counterparts. Yet, despite its deep feature-set, Pixlr remains facile, intuitive and, most importantly, user-friendly.
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