For the following studies, identify (a) study design, (b) exposure variable(s),

Question

For the following studies, identify (a) study design, (b) exposure variable(s), (c) outcome variables(s), and (d) one advantage of the study design that was used, relative to the study information provided (in one sentence):

Children (aged 8 – 14 years) with anxiety disorders were randomly assigned to cognitivebehavioral individual treatment, cognitive-behavioral group treatment, or a wait-list control. Treatment outcome was evaluated using diagnostic status, child self- reports, and parent- and teacher-reports. Analyses of diagnostic status revealed that significantly more treated children (73% individual, 50% group) than wait-list children (8%) did not meet diagnostic criteria for their primary anxiety disorder at post-treatment. Other dependent measures demonstrated the superiority of both treatment conditions compared to the wait-list condition. However, a childreport of anxious distress demonstrated only the individual treatment to effect significant improvement. Measures of social functioning failed to discriminate among conditions. Analyses of clinical significance revealed that notable proportions for treated cases were returned to nondeviant limits at post-treatment. Treatment gains were maintained at a 3-month follow-up.

a. Study Design

b. Exposure

c. Outcome

d. Advantage

Explanation / Answer

1. The study design was based on the type of treatments or treatment procedures which are used to diagnose the status of the child.

2. The exposure is based on the anxiety disorders and cognitive behaviour.

3. The outcome of analysis is diagnostic status revealed that significantly more treated children than wait list children didn't meet diagnostic criteria for their primary anxiety disorder at post treatment.

4. The advantage is, a child report of anxious distress demonstrated only the individual treatment to effect significant improvement .

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