1.What is the source of the various –caines? 3.What causes the strange sensation

Question

1.What is the source of the various –caines?

3.What causes the strange sensations we feel in our oral area when we’re recovering from having one of the –caines injected into our gum?

4.Over the past decade or so, mutations in the genes that code for voltage-gated Na+channels in the human brain have been discovered in individuals suffering from certain forms of epilepsy and individuals suffering from autism.  Is this surprising to you?  Propose a mechanism whereby mutant Na+channels might put someone at risk for epilepsy or autism.

5.Diagram a synapse and use this diagram as the basis for a discussion of transmission of action potentials across a synapse.  Be sure to include the following terms in your discussion: Synaptic bulb, Synaptic vesicle, Neurotransmitter, SNARE complex, Exocytosis, Postsynaptic receptor, Degrading enzyme, Gated ion channels

6.        What determines whether a given neuron is excitatory or inhibitory? (that’s kind of a toughie, but the knowledge very important, so be sure you know and understand the answer)

7.Describe the function of the various parts of the nervous system, including the following parts of the brain: Frontal cortex , Visual cortex , Hypothalamus , Medulla Cerebellum

8.What is the take-home message in regards to the object agnosia and prosopagnosia?

Explanation / Answer

Ans.1.

The source of various "caines" is cocaine an alkaloid present in coca leaves. But due to it several side effects, today's several local anaesthetics are aminoesters or aminoamide for example lidocaine, benzocaine, etc. All these synthetic local anaesthetics are somewhat structurally linked to cocaine.

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