1.) Describe how oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported in the blood, and exp
ID: 3516315 • Letter: 1
Question
1.) Describe how oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported in the blood, and explain how their loading and unloading is affected by temperature, pH, BPG, and PCO2
2.) Compare the causes and consequences of chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, and lung cancer. Once we have made these comparisons then we should follow up on other disorders that affect either the upper or lower respiratory systems. Be sure to comment on others postings in terms of new information that can contribute to a more complete understanding of the diseases you pick.
Explanation / Answer
Ans 1...transport of oxygen
Oxygen is carried in blood in two forms
A...in dissolved form:-0.3 ml per 100 ml
B...combined with haemoglobin...I mole of Haeoglobin carries 4 moles of oxygen.
Transport of CO2
Co2 is carried in plasma and RBC in three forms
A...in dissolved form...0.3 ml per 100 ml
B...as carbamino compounds...0.7ml per 100 ml
C...as bicarbonate...3ml per 100 ml
Increase temperature,increase BPG and increase pCo2 and decrease pH causes oxygen haemoglobin dissociation curve to shift to right that is unloading of Oxygen becomes easy and loading of Co2 becomes easy.in reverse condition,reverse thing occur.
Ans 2...the most important cause of these conditions is smoking.
Chronic bronchitis.c causes....inhaled irritants like smog,i industrial pollutants etc
Viral and bacterial infection
Underlying disease like asthma,cystic fibrosis,C HF,bronchiactesis
Consequences..severe shortness of breath,respiratory failure etc
Emphysema....cause
Cigrate smoking
Alpha 1 anti trypsin deficiency
Air pollutants
Hereditary
Consequences....shortness of breath
Over inflation of lungs
Pnemonia
Cor pulmonale
Asthma...causes...
Allergens like pollen ,dust,mites
Respiratory infection
Excerciseinduced asthma
Air pollutants
Consequences....shortness of breath,coughing,tightness of chest
Pneumonia
Collapse of lung
Respiratory failure in severe cases
Lung cancer...causes...smoking
Radiation
Some viruses
Carcinogens
Consequences...shortness of breath
Metastasis to.other body tissue
Leading cause of death.
Upper respiratory tract involvement....viral infection eg. Cold
Lower respiratory tract involvement.....pneumonia
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