Short Essay (10 pts. each) la your own words and with specific and detailed exam
ID: 3515619 • Letter: S
Question
Explanation / Answer
1. A creation myth is a symbolic narrative of how the world began and how every life form came into existence.
Intelligent design is a religious argument about the existence of God by some scientific evidences about how everything has been created in a synchronous manner. It has often been criticised as pseudoscience.
Evolution is the theory about how organisms changed genetically and biologically over a period of time to become what they are today.
2.
1. Anthropological researchers have primary ethical obligations to the people, species, and materials they study and to the people with whom they work. These obligations can supersede the goal of seeking new knowledge, and can lead to decisions not to undertake or to discontinue a research project when the primary obligation conflicts with other responsibilities, such as those owed to sponsors or clients. These ethical obligations include:
· To avoid harm or wrong, understanding that the development of knowledge can lead to change which may be positive or negative for the people or animals worked with or studied
· To respect the well-being of humans and nonhuman primates
· To work for the long-term conservation of the archaeological, fossil, and historical records
· To consult actively with the affected individuals or group(s), with the goal of establishing a working relationship that can be beneficial to all parties involved ·
2. Anthropological researchers must do everything in their power to ensure that their research does not harm the safety, dignity, or privacy of the people with whom they work, conduct research, or perform other professional activities. Anthropological researchers working with animals must do everything in their power to ensure that the research does not harm the safety, psychological well-being or survival of the animals or species with which they work.
3. The four forces of evolution are: mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection. Mutation is a random heritable change in a gene or chromosome, resulting from additions, deletions, or substitutions of nitrogen bases in the DNA sequence. Mutations may create advantageous, deleterious, or neutral traits for the organism. Gene flow is the exchange of genetic material between two populations. Also known as admixture, gene flow works to decrease the variation between the two populations.
4.The human body readily responds to changing environmental stresses in a variety of biological and cultural ways. We can acclimatize to a wide range of temperature and humidity. When traveling to high altitudes, our bodies adjust so that our cells still receive sufficient oxygen. We are constantly responding in physiological ways to internal and external stresses such as bacterial and viral infections, air and water pollution, dietary imbalance, and overcrowding.
5. Homo is more like us, Australopithecines are like human-ape hybrid looking things. Both are habitually bipedal though. The main differentiation was originally that the genus Homo were tool makers, while Australopithecines were not. That might not actually be the case in light of some evidence however. Some crude stone tools have been found in the record closer to A. garhi or possibly A. afarensis. So, the distinction about where Homo begins and Australopithecus ends might be more arbitrary than it was meant to be. Either way the “handy man” H. habilis has more of an extensive record than any related species from that time.
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