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ID: 3483614 • Letter: 2
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2:18:00 Time Left: 1:54:08 Olufunke Bolumole: Attempt 1 estions Save stions saved Question 21 (1 point) On an ECG, atrial depolarization is marked by 8 910 O a) T wave O b) None of the above O c) S wave 13 14 15 18 19 20 d) P wave 23 24 25 O e) R wave 28 29 30 Save 33 34 35 Question 22 (1 point) 38 39 40 Which of the below indudes all of the net products of glycolysis? 43 44 45 O a) 26 ATP, 6 NADH+H+, 4 FADH2, 2 pyruvate molecules b) 32 ATP, 26 NADH+H+, 4 FADH2, 2 pyruvate molecules O) 26 ATP,6 NADH+H+, 4 FADH2, 2 glycogen molecules O d) 2 ATP, 2 NADH+H+, 2 pyruvate molecules O e) 2 ATP, 2 FADH2, 2 glucose molecules 48 49 50 53 54 55 iz Status DOLLExplanation / Answer
21. The different waves on the electrocardiogram reflect the sequence of atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization. The P wave indicates depolarization of the atria. Depolarization spreads throughout the atria from the sinoatrial or SA node due to creation of action potential. P wave is associated with contraction of the atria. P wave is followed by the QRS complex. Enlargement of the atria causes widening of the P wave of increase in P wave amplitude.
Option is d.
22. Glycolysis is the conversion of glucose to pyruvate. Each molecule of glucose is broken down to 2 pyruvate molecules. In glycolysis two ATP, 2 NADH +H+ and two pyruvate are formed.
There is utilization of 2 ATP per glucose molecule. These are utilized in conversion of glucose to glucose-6 phosphate by hexokinase and fructose-6 phosphate to fructose 1, 6 bisphosphate by phosphofructokinase. Two ATP are formed when Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is converted to pyruvate. These occur when 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate is converted to 3 phosphoglycerate by phosphoglycerate kinase and phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate by pyruvate kinase. Hence, four ATP molecules are formed per glucose (each Glucose form 2 glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate). One NADH + H+ is formed when glyceraldehydes-3 –phosphate is converted to 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate by glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase. Hence, there are 2 NADH + H+ formed per glucose.
The net gain of ATP = 4-2= 2ATP
Net gain of NADH +H+ = 2
2 Pyruvate molecules are formed per glucose. There is no FADH2 formed in glycolysis.
Option is d.
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