Which of the following is true about the effects of insulin in the liver? Insuli
ID: 3482608 • Letter: W
Question
Which of the following is true about the effects of insulin in the liver?
Insulin stimulates gluconeogenesis.
Insulin stimulates glycogen synthesis.
Insulin stimulates lipolysis.
Insulin stimulates proteolysis.
Which of the following is true about the effects of insulin in skeletal muscle?
Insulin inhibits amino acid uptake.
Insulin stimulates gluconeogenesis.
Insulin stimulates glucose uptake.
Insulin stimulates glycolysis.
There is an increase in which of these glucose transporters on the cell surface of skeletal muscle cells, following an injection of insulin?
GLUT2
GLUT4
SGLUT1
Which of the following substances can activate glucagon release?
Glucose
Epinephrine
Insulin
Somatostatin
None of the above
Explanation / Answer
1. Insulin stimulates glycogen synthesis.
Insulin is basically a storage-facilitator hormone. It does so by inhibiting gluconeogenesis, stimulating glycogen synthesis, inhibiting lipolysis and proteolysis.
2. In muscle, insulin stimulates glucose uptake.
It stimulates amino acid uptake and inhibits glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.
3. GLUT4. These receptors are normally present in muscles. They are internalised under conditions of low insulin level. On injecting insulin, they appear on the cell surface.
4. Epinephrine.
Epinephrine is a fight or flight hormone. To do either, considerable amount of free glucose should be available in the blood. This is facilitated by its glucagon-releasing action.
Glucose stimulates insulin production which stimulates somatostatin production which inhibits glucagon release.
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