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1. provide 5 differences and 5 similarities for the upper and lower appendicular

ID: 3480161 • Letter: 1

Question

1. provide 5 differences and 5 similarities for the upper and lower appendicular skeleton.

2.Twiddling your thumbs during a lecture would demonstrate circumduction at primarily a

A ball-and-socket joint

B cartilaginous joint

C pivot joint

D fibrous joint

E saddle joint

3.

Regarding joints, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A A pivot joint has two axes of rotation

B Most articular surfaces of synovial joints are covered in fibrocartilage

C Syndesmoses are immovable joints between flat bones of the skull roof

D A synostosis can be immovable or slightly movable

E Gomphoses are only found in the maxilla and mandible

5 Regarding the osteology of the pelvic girdle and lower limb, which of the following statements is FALSE? [1 mark]

A The fibula is medial to the tibia

B In the pelvic girdle, the ilium is superior, the ischium inferior and the pubis anterior

C The malleoli play an important role keeping tendons in place

D The talus is the only tarsal that articulates directly with the tibia and fibula

E The arcuate line forms part of the border of the pelvic inlet

7 Running your fingers across the lateral proximal thigh, you would be able to palpate the

6 The zygapophyseal joints

A help direct the movement of the vertebrae

B direct the movement between the carpals

C allow complex motion of the mandible

D permit minimal movement and shock absorption between the sacrum and ilium

E permit minimal movement and shock absorption between the pubic bones

A lesser trochanter of the femur

B lateral epicondyle of the femur

C greater trochanter of the femur

D medial malleolus of the tibia

E pubic symphysis

8 Which of the following is NOT a muscle of mastication?

A buccinator

B lateral pterygoid

C masseter

D temporalis

E medial pterygoid

9 Regarding muscles of the head and anterior neck, which of the following statements is TRUE? [1 mark]

A The platysma is superficial to the suprahyoid muscles

B The infrahyoid muscles form a stable base for the tongue muscles directly above

C Contraction of the buccinator ensures a strong bite

D The sternocleidomastoid elevates the hyoid

E The orbicularis oris opens the lips

10 Regarding upper limb arthrology, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A Carpals are only connected by synarthroses

B The proximal radioulnar joint is a ball-and-socket joint

C The glenohumeral joint is a synarthrosis

D The interphalangeal joints are hinge joints

E The distal radioulnar joint is a plane joint

11 The deepest layer of muscles in the lateral abdominal wall is formed by the

A external oblique

B internal oblique

C transversalis thoracis

D rectus abdominis

E transversalis abdominis

12 Which of the following muscles CANNOT contribute to forearm supination or pronation?

A biceps brachii

B pronator quadratus

C brachialis

D pronator teres

E supinator

13 Which of the following muscles does NOT attach to the tibia?

A gastrocnemius

B sartorius

C semimembranosus

D soleus

E vastus medialis

14 Which two extrinsic muscles of the eye are you testing if you ask your patient to track your

finger medially and then downward?

A medial rectus then superior oblique

B medial rectus then inferior rectus

C superior oblique then inferior rectus

D medial rectus then superior rectus

E medial rectus then inferior oblique

15 The sympathetic nervous system

A includes cranial nerves III, VII, IX and X

B is unaffected by the hypothalamus

C increases blood flow to skeletal muscles

D contains long preganglionic fibres

E increases salivary gland secretions

16 The cranial nerves that are involved in controlling eye movements are

A II, III and IV

B III and V

C I, II and III

D III, IV and VI

E II and VI

17 Cerebral arteries and veins are found in the

A central canal

B subarachnoid space

C extradural space

D ventricles

E subdural space

18 The primary motor cortex is

A only found in the left cerebral hemisphere

B located in the temporal lobe

C an association area

D located anterior to the primary somatosensory cortex

E inferior to the lateral sulcus

19 The part of the peripheral nervous system which brings information to the central nervous

system is

A efferent

B somatic

C motor

D afferent

E autonomic

20 The heart is located

A in the mediastinum

B in front of the anterior chest wall

C inferior to the diaphragm

D in the abdominal cavity

E outside the pericardial cavity

21 The pulmonary veins

A carry blood from the left atrium to the lung

B carry blood to the kidneys

C have greater blood pressure than major systemic arteries

D carry deoxygenated blood

E carry oxygenated blood

22 During atrial systole,

A the atria fill with blood

B the atrioventricular valves are closed

C blood is pushed into the pulmonary artery

D blood is pushed into the ventricles

E the heart is completely relaxed

23 The left lung has

A a horizontal fissure

B a middle lobe

C a left hepatic artery

D an oblique fissure

E a cystic duct

24 Which of the following is NOT part of the digestive system?

A nasopharynx (epipharynx)

B pylorus

C laryngopharynx (hypopharynx)

D appendix vermiformis

E caecum

25 Which of the following structures are included in the large intestine?

A duodenum and jejunum

B splenic flexure and sigmoid colon

C ileum and duodenum

D appendix and ileum

E hepatic flexure and jejunum

26 Which one of the following is NOT a function of the kidney in adults?

A hormone production

B regulation of fluids and electrolytes

C blood production

D excretion of urea

E elimination of excess glucose molecules

27 Which structures are NOT found within a nephron?

A Bowman’s capsule

B loop of Henle

C proximal convoluted tubules

D distal convoluted tubule

E renal hilus

28 The urethra in males transports

A blood only

B urine and semen only

C urine only

D semen only

E lymph only

29 Which of the following is NOT part of the male reproductive system?

A ductus deferens

B seminal vesicle

C epididymis

D male urethra

E urogenital diaphragm

30 The broad ligament is

A a pocket formed between the posterior wall of the uterus and the anterior surface of the rectum

B a structure that attaches the ovary to the wall of the uterus

C a structure that extends from the lateral surface of the ovary to the pelvic wall

D an extensive mesentery that encloses the uterus

E a thickened fold of mesentery that supports and stabilises the position of the ovary

Explanation / Answer

2) sddle joint

3) Gomphoses are only found in the maxilla and mandible E

5) D The talus is the only tarsal that articulates directly with the tibia and fibula. calcaneus will also used hear

6) A it is also known as facet joint