HELPFUL INFO--- Appeal to Unqualified Authority Encourages audience to accept wh

Question

HELPFUL INFO---

Appeal to Unqualified Authority

Encourages audience to accept what others believe

Claims or assumes special expertise

One or more of the following problems:

Appeals to people who are not experts in the appropriate subject, or not experts at all

Lack of consensus among experts on the subject

Not an area of established knowledge

Appeals to untrustworthy experts

Appeal to Ignorance

Can be paraphrased in the following way

There is no evidence/proof that p

Therefore, p is false

It is NOT the case that: If p were true, good evidence or a proof of p would have been discovered.

Hasty Generalization

Reasoning from a sample to the general population

One of the following

The sample is too small

The sample is biased

NOT one of the other, more specific, fallacies. (Some other fallacies could be subsumed under HG, especially FC and WA)

False Cause

Starts with correlation between X and Y, concludes X is the cause of Y

Fails to rule out other potentially more likely explanations, especially:

Just coincidence

It’s reversed, Y causes X

Some third thing, Z, causes both

X is only one of a number of causal factors

Subtype: "The Gambler’s Fallacy"

Concerns a series of independent events or turns, where X is one possible result among others

Premises say that X has not come up as often as statistically expected in previous turns

Concludes X is more likely on the next turn

Slippery Slope

Argument that can be paraphrased:

A leads to B

B leads to C

…

… leads to Z.

Z is a catastrophe or an absurdity.

So, A must be rejected.

No objectively good reason to predict such a chain reaction

Weak Analogy

Makes a comparison between X and Y

The similarities are not relevant to the conclusion

There are dissimilarities that are relevant to the conclusion

QUESTION 26 Jim is known to be alcoholic. If he takes one drink, he would be very likely to take another. Then he would be even more likely to take a third, and a fourth, and so on. He could very well start drinking every day, which would prevent him from functioning at work and in society. Therefore, Jim should not take that first drink Appeal to Unqualified Authority Appeal to Ignorance Hasty Generalization O False Cause Slippery Slope Weak Analogy No Fallacy QUESTION 26 It can be fairly estimated that over 95% of biologists subscribe to the theory of evolution in one form or another t is reasonable to conclude that some form of evolution is true based on this O Appeal to Unqualified Authority Appeal to Ignorance Hasty Generalization False Cause Slippery Slope Weak Analogy O No Fallacy QUESTION 27 Nobody has ever proved that the Big Bang Theory of the universe is true. Therefore, we must conclude that It is false O Appeal to Unqualified Authority Appeal to Ignorance Hasty Generalization False Cause Slippery Slope Weak Analogy No Fallacy

Explanation / Answer

24.Slippery Slope

25. False Cause as it Starts with correlation between X and Y, concludes X is the cause of Y

26. Appeal to Ignorance as There is no evidence/proof that p Therefore, p is false

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse H
• Subjects

---

---

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.