From this equation we get the expected result that VBE1-VBE2 0 when the ratio of
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From this equation we get the expected result that VBE1-VBE2 0 when the ratio of Ic1 to lc2 is equal to 1. We can get the equation for the difference in VBE (AVBE) by taking the natural logarithm: KT1 C1 BEiBE.2 BE C2 From these equations we can see that the s terms are one so he strong negative temperat re e ec s no gone as e o tre BEO a a positive temperature coefficient and is in fact proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) We can now proceed to the next step in developing a voltage reference. We now extend this concept for transistors with equal base voltages but different emitter areas as shown in figure 14.7. The VBE of Qjequals the VBE of Q2, which results in a controlled current ratio between lc1 and 1c2 of 1:8 based on their relative emitter areas. lcr C2 VBE 1A 8A A-Emitter AreaExplanation / Answer
Transistor symbol does not depend on area therefore for smaller area and Larger area transistor symbol is same.
As shown in figure, rightmost transistor have two emitter terminal, which is used to connect two terminal. Therefore rightmost non transistor will have same circuit as shown in figure.
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