For the studies described, identify the population, sample, population parameter

Question

For the studies described, identify the population, sample, population parameters, and sample statistics: In a USA Today Internet poll, readers responded voluntarily to the question "Do you consume at least one caffeinated beverage every day?" Astronomers typically determine the distance to galaxy (a galaxy is a huge collection of billions of stars) by measuring the distances to just a few stars within it and taking the mean (average) of these distance measurements. The Gallup Research Center claims that in 2015 87% of smart phone users in United States who ever use maps or get and driving directions online. In a random sample of 250 adults, 83% say they go online to get maps or driving directions. At alpha = 5%, is there enough evidence to reject the researcher's claim? At alpha = 10% level? Industrial pollution often makes water supplies acidic (pH 7). An industrial company claims that the mean pH level of the water in a nearby river is 7, so it is neutral. You, as an environmentalist, randomly select 19 water samples and measure the pH of each. The 6 sample mean and standard deviation arc 6.9 and 0.24, respectively. Assume the population of pH levels in all possible water samples is normally distributed. Is there enough evidence to reject the company's claim at the 5% significance level? At the 10% level? Can you reach the same conclusion using the appropriate confidence interval for the mean pH level? The number of years it took a random sample of 33 former smokers to quit permanently it listed. We know that the population standard deviation is 1.5 years. A health agency claims that the mean time it takes smokers to quit smoking permanently is 6 years. You think it's more than that. At alpha = 5%, is there enough evidence to reject the health agency's claim? At the 1% level? Can you test the claim using an appropriate CI? Explain. If your answer is yes, test the claim that way, too

Explanation / Answer

1.

1) Population will be all the readers who are eligible for responding.

Sample will be all the readers who actually respond.

One of the population parameter will be the mean of all the readers who are eligible to respond.

One of the sample statistics will be the mean of all the readers who actually respond.

2)

Population will be the distance to all the stars.

Sample will be the distance to some of the stars.

One of the population parameter will be the mean of the distance measurements from the stars in the population.

One of the sample statistics will be the mean of the distance measurements from the stars in the sample.

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