I need answers for the questions 4& 5 3) How is the immunoglobulin super gene fa

Question

I need answers for the questions 4& 5 3) How is the immunoglobulin super gene family defined? Give an example of different proteins in this family that are either (give different example for each), a) a paracrine signal molecule, b) an intercrine signaling molecule, d) a cell surface receptor molecule, e) an immunological effector molecule. 15 pts 4) In the murine kappa Ig light chain DNA there is a BamH1 restriction enzyme site. Where on the DNA 3'-5' strand is this restriction enzyme site relative to both the variable and constant coding region (3" or 5?)? Is the restriction enzyme site always there? How do you know (what data/levidence support) a) where the restriction enzyme site is and b) if the restriction enzyme site is there? 15 pts 5) Describe evidence that Rag-1 and Rag-2 expression are sufficient to initiate lg gene rearrangement and without them you can't get ig gene rearrangement. 10 pts 6) Based on what you know about the MHC, why do different people sometimes have vast differences in the efficacy of their immune responses to immunogens and also vast differences in susceptibilities for autoimmune diseases? 15 pts 7) The MHC class and II molecules are involved in both initiating the immune response as well as in mediating the immunological targeting of infectious agents. Describe in complete detail the pathways through which MHC I and II participate in the initiation and mediation of the immune response being sure to indicate the role of both MHC I and MHC II in these pathways. 15 pts 9

Explanation / Answer

3.The immunoglobulin super family is a large protein super family of cell surface and soluble proteins.that are involved in the cell adhesion, binding and recognisation process of cells.

A) Paracrine signal molecules: Sertonin, dopamine, Norepinephrine

B) Endocrine signal molecules: Steroid hormone, Thyroid hormones, Vitamin D3, Retinoic acid

C) Cell surface receptors: Steroid receptors, G-protein coupled receptors, Thyrosine kinase receptors

Cytokine super family receptors

D) Immunoglobulin effector molecules: IgA, IgE, IgA, IgM and IgD

6. Introduction of RAG-1 and RAG - 2 genes are encoding two such factors fail to confer a rachi phenotypes to these cells. How ever, fusion of the reclo ells to a rechi cells lines generated a high frequency of rechi hybrids. In addition, most of the hybrids rearrangement the endogenus kappa light chains locus. neigther the rechi phenotypes nor kappa -chain rearrangement correlated with levels of RAG-1 and RAG-2 expression in all of the hybrids.thus, both gene transfer and cell fusion experiments indicated that, RAG-1 and RAG-2 are not sufficent to activate immunoglobulin gene recombination in at least some pre- Bcell lines. In addition , the fusion experiments suggest that, two gene products in addition to RAG-1and RAG-2 may be required for kappa -gene rearrangenments.

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