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1. The following data were collected in a clinical trial to compare a new drug t

ID: 3132867 • Letter: 1

Question

1.     The following data were collected in a clinical trial to compare a new drug to a placebo for its effectiveness in lowering total serum cholesterol.

New Drug

(n=75)

Placebo

(n=75)

Total Sample

(n=150)

Mean (SD) Total Serum Cholesterol

185.0 (24.5)

204.3 (21.8)

194.7 (23.2)

% Patients with Total Cholesterol < 200

78.0%

65.0%

71.5%

In Problem 2 of this project, you generated a 95 percent confidence interval for the difference in mean total cholesterol levels between treatments. Now, using this same data:

a)Generate a 95 percent confidence interval for the proportion of all patients with total cholesterol < 200.

b)How many patients would be required to ensure that a 95 percent confidence interval has a margin of error not exceeding 5 percent?  

New Drug

(n=75)

Placebo

(n=75)

Total Sample

(n=150)

Mean (SD) Total Serum Cholesterol

185.0 (24.5)

204.3 (21.8)

194.7 (23.2)

% Patients with Total Cholesterol < 200

78.0%

65.0%

71.5%

Explanation / Answer

a)      Solution:

Confidence Interval Estimate for the Proportion

Data

Sample Size

150

Number of Successes

150*0.715 or 71.5% = 107.25 or 107 approximately

Confidence Level

95%

Intermediate Calculations

Sample Proportion

0.713333333

Z Value

-1.9600

Standard Error of the Proportion

0.0369

Interval Half Width

0.0724

Confidence Interval

Interval Lower Limit

0.6410

Interval Upper Limit

0.7857

b)      Solution:

Sample Size Determination

Data

Estimate of True Proportion

0.715

Sampling Error

0.05

Confidence Level

95%

Intermediate Calculations

Z Value

-1.9600

Calculated Sample Size

313.1173

Result

Sample Size Needed

314

Confidence Interval Estimate for the Proportion

Data

Sample Size

150

Number of Successes

150*0.715 or 71.5% = 107.25 or 107 approximately

Confidence Level

95%

Intermediate Calculations

Sample Proportion

0.713333333

Z Value

-1.9600

Standard Error of the Proportion

0.0369

Interval Half Width

0.0724

Confidence Interval

Interval Lower Limit

0.6410

Interval Upper Limit

0.7857