As the elementary school counselor for six elementary schools in the district, y

Question

As the elementary school counselor for six elementary schools in the district, you are interested in developing strategies to aid parent-child interaction on school- related tasks, particularly reading achievement. You believe that positive attention to reading in a non- threatening and non-frustrating home environment for one hour an even will increase reading comprehension scores. A random sample of 12 third-graders reading below grade level were selected to participate in a small "pilot" study. The parents were given instructions on how to engage their child in a Positive Reading Activities Program" (PRAP) at home, and on how to make this reading activity pleasant and non-frustrating. Parents were also encouraged to provide their child with undivided attention during this reading period for at least one hour per evening. Each child's reading comprehension scores (high scores indicate better comprehension; 10 is the highest score possible) were assessed with an achievement test the day before and one month after the reading activities program was initiated. The "before" and "after" reading comprehension scores are below for each condition. Child/Family Code Condition 1 "Before PRAP" Condition 2 "After PRAP" Comprehension Score Comprehension Score 7 8 4 4

Explanation / Answer

Here,

H0 : PRAP doesn't increse comprenhension scores after one month. d = 0

Ha : PRAP does increase comprehension scores after one month.  d > 0

where d is difference between comprehnsion score after one month after PRAP.

Here we will perform two sample paired data t - test (dependent samples)

The difference table

Average difference dbar = 0.5

Standard deviation of difference sd = 1.243

Standard error of difference = sd/sqrt(n) = 1.243/ sqrt(12) =  0.359

Here test statistic

t = dbar /sed = 0.5/0.359 = 1.3933

so here dF = 11 and alpha = 0.05

tcritical = t0.05,11 = 1.796 (one tailed test)

Here as t < tcritical so we failed to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that PRAP doesn't increase comprehnsion scores.

Option A is correct.

Child Before PRAP After PRAP Difference a 7 8 1 b 4 4 0 c 6 5 -1 d 5 6 1 e 4 3 -1 f 4 7 3 g 3 2 -1 h 5 5 0 i 9 10 1 j 8 8 0 k 5 7 2 l 3 4 1 Average 0.5 std. dev. 1.243

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse A
• Subjects

---

---

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.