all Verizon 11:54 PM d21.arizona.edu 7 of 9 Part 3: Earthquake related disasters

Question

all Verizon 11:54 PM d21.arizona.edu 7 of 9 Part 3: Earthquake related disasters Earthquakes can cause dam some of the most serious e effects of e shaking they generate. But related disasters have to do with secondary quakes. One secondary effect of earthquakes is known as liquefaction. The process of liquefaction is initiated by sudden shaking of water- saturated sediment. This shaking causes the sediment and water mixture to behave like a thick fluid and flow, which often results in building collapse as the ground flows out from underneath (see picture below). Much of the damage produced by earthquakes in regions where sediment is present results from which caused major damage due to City, 1989 Loma Prieta, and 1995 1985 liquefaction include: 1964 Kobe, Japan. You can see liquefaction in action in study group, to help give you some g of the liquefaction process. area. I looking at houses adjacent to a beach and houses several miles inland. Where do you think your home would be safer from earthquake damage? Explain.

Explanation / Answer

Loose sand and silt that is saturated with water behaves like a liquid when shaken by an earthquake. Earthquake waves cause water pressure to increase in the sediments and the sand grains to lose contact with each other, causing the sediment to lose their strength and behave like a liquid by a process known as Liquefaction. In any earthquake prone country, it is more accepted that a home built on rocks would be generally better off than a home built on soil or loose particles. So, a house located further inland is more likely to sit above a hard bedrock and is less likely to become water saturated and experiences less movement or displacement during an earthquake thus preventing liquefaction. On the contrary, any house that sits adjacent to the beach will experience more movement and liquefaction because of the saturated sediments below it. These sediments of the beach are more prone to liquefaction thus increasing the risk of hazards during a sudden tremor such as an earthquake.

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