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Dr. Harold Wolf of Medical Research Corporation (MRC) was thrilled with the resp

ID: 2783154 • Letter: D

Question

Dr. Harold Wolf of Medical Research Corporation (MRC) was thrilled with the response he received from drug companies for his latest discovery, a unique electronic stimulator that reduces the pain from arthritis. The process had yet to pass rigorous Federal Drug Administration (FDA) testing and was still in the early stages of development, but the interest was intense.

He is seriously considering two offers. Dr. Wolf’s required rate of return is 8%.

Offer #1: Hampton Drug Co. is offering $1,000,000 now plus $200,000 from end of year
               6 through end of year 15. Also, if the product reaches over $100 million in cumulative
               sales by the end of year 15, he would receive an additional $3,000,000.
               Dr. Wolf thought there was a 70 percent probability of cumulative sales reaching
               $100 million.

Offer #2: Zbay Pharmaceutical is offering to pay Dr. Wolf a 35% royalty at the end of the next
                 four years. The royalty is based on Zbay's gross profit margin on expected sales.

               Sales in year one are projected to be $2,000,000.
               Sales are expected to grow each year by 40%.
               Zbay’s gross profit margin is 65%.

Present Value of Offer #2

Determine the present value of Offer #1.


Dr. Harold Wolf of Medical Research Corporation (MRC) was thrilled with the response he received from drug companies for his latest discovery, a unique electronic stimulator that reduces the pain from arthritis. The process had yet to pass rigorous Federal Drug Administration (FDA) testing and was still in the early stages of development, but the interest was intense. He is seriously considering two offers (described on the following tabs).                                                                                                                                                                               Your assignment is to establish the present value of each of the offers and then send an email to Dr. Wolf recommending an offer. You will need to explain to Dr. Wolf why you are dismissing the other offer. (Hint: "Because it is smaller or less" is not sufficient reason.) Dr. Wolf's Required Return 8% Present Value of Offer #1

Present Value of Offer #2

Hampton Drug Co. is offering $1,000,000 now plus $200,000 from end of year 6 through end of year 15. Also if the product reaches over $100 million in cumulative sales by the end of year 15, he would receive an additional $3,000,000. Dr. Wolf thought there was a 70 percent probability of cumulative sales reaching $100 million. Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10 Year 11 Year 12 Year 13 Year 14 Year 15 Bonus if cumulative sales reach $100 million by end of year 15 $3,000,000 Payments by year Probability of cumulative sales reaching $100 million by end of year 15 70%

Determine the present value of Offer #1.

In this offer, Zbay Pharmaceutical is offering to pay Dr. Wolf a 35% royalty at the end of the next four years. The royalty is based on Zbay's gross profit margin on expected sales. Sales in year one are projected to be Sales are expected to grow each year by Zbay's gross profit margin is Dr. Wolf's royalty as percent of gross profit Year Projected Sales Zbay Gross Profit Dr. Wolf's Payment 1 2 3 4 Determine the present value of Offer #2.


Explanation / Answer

In this question we will calculate the present value of both the offers

Present value of offer will be sum of present value of all cash flows to Dr. Wolf

Present value = cash flow / (1+r)n, where r is required rate of return and n is number of years

r is 8%

For offer 1, Initial payment is $1,000,000

After that payment will start at end of year 6 to year 15 of $200,000

If cummulative sales exceed $100 million then there would be additional payment of $3,000,000 at end of year 15

Probaility of exceeding sales of $100 million is 70%

Present value of offer if sales exceed $100 million = 1,000,000 + 200,000/(1.08)6 + 200,000/(1.08)7 + .................................... + 200,000/(1.08)14 + 3,200,000/(1.08)15

Present value of offer if sales exceed $100 million = $2,859,078.85

Present value of offer if sales do not exceed $100 million = 1,000,000 + 200,000/(1.08)6 + 200,000/(1.08)7 + .................................... + 200,000/(1.08)14 + 200,000/(1.08)15

Present value of offer if sales do not exceed $100 million = 1,913,353.73

Present value of offer 1 = (0.7 * present value of offer if sales exceed $100 million) + (0.3 * present value of offer if sales do not exceed $100 million) = (0.7*2,859,078.85) + (0.3*1,913353.73) = 2,575,361.31

So present value of offer 1 = $2,575,361.31

For offer 2, Dr. Wolf will get 35% royalty for four years on gross profit

Gross Profit margin = 65%

Sales in year 1 = $2,000,000

Gross profit in year 1 = 2,000,000*0.65 = 1,300,000

Royalty = 35% of gross profit = 0.35*1300000 = $455,000

Sales will grow at 40%

Sales in year 2 = $2,000,000*1.4 = 2,800,000

Gross profit in year 2 = 2,800,000*0.65 = 1,820,000

Royalty = 35% of gross profit = 0.35*1820000 = $637,000

Sales in year 3 = $2,800,000*1.4 = 3,920,000

Gross profit in year 3 = 3,920,000*0.65 = 2,548,000

Royalty = 35% of gross profit = 0.35*2548000 = $891,800

Sales in year 4 = $3,920,000*1.4 = 5,488,000

Gross profit in year 4 = 5,488,000*0.65 = 3,567,200

Royalty = 35% of gross profit = 0.35*3567200 = $1,248,520

Present value of offer 2 = 455,000/(1.08)1 + 637,000/(1.08)2 + 891,800/(1.08)3 + 1,248,520/(1.08)4

Present value of offer 2 = $2,593,060.19

Out of both offers Dr. wolf should select offer 2 as its value is higher.

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