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4. Choose one of the two following questions (A or B to discuss in as much detai

ID: 267936 • Letter: 4

Question

4. Choose one of the two following questions (A or B to discuss in as much detail as you can. (10 pts) A. Define and discuss the metabolic changes that lead to metabolic syndrome i. What is metabolic syndrome and what are the causes or the conditions that cause and/or associated with metabolic syndrome? (answer here) li. What are the metabolic/biochemical characteristics of metabolic syndrome? (remember this is a biochemistry class and pathway discussions should be included with this answer- what pathways are affected and what is happening to them?) answer here) ii. What factors have been shown to help alleviate the effects of metabolic syndrome and their effects on metabolism? answer here) B. Discuss the metabolic changes that occur in cancer cells in comparison to normal cells. i What metabolic fuels are used at greater rates in cancer cells as compared to the surrounding normal cells. (answer here) ii. What metabolic pathways are more affected in cancer cells in comparison to normal cells and why? What enzyme isoforms are expressed at different rates in cancer cells than surrounding cells and explain the benefits of these differences.? (answer here) ii.Explain why the is greater utilization of the fuels listed in j and the reasons why the pathways are changed that are mentioned in ii. based on the uses of these pathways and intermediates. (answer here)

Explanation / Answer

A. i. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions with high blood pressure, excess body fat around waist and high glucose level that occurs together increasing the chance of heart disease, stroke and diabetis. Metabolic syndrome is closely linked to overweight, obesity and inactiveness and can be linked to insulin resistance.

ii. Metabolic syndrome or syndrome X is not a disease but a group charateristics these characteristics include obesity, high glucose and blood pressure and high triyceride levels.

iii. Factors such as glucose levels, insulin levels, blood pressure, triglycheride levels and inactiveness can alleviate the metabolic syndrome.

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