1. MicroRNAs bind to _______ in order to prevent _______. mRNA; translation mRNA

Question

1. MicroRNAs bind to _______ in order to prevent _______.

mRNA; translation

mRNA; transcription

tRNA; translation

tRNA; transcription

2. In the study of _______, microRNAs have been either too abundant or less abundant in affected cells.

cancer

multiple sclerosis

Alzheimer disease

Autism

3. A technology where RNAs are specifically made to stop gene expression is called:

RNA interference

RNA methylation

RNA termination

RNA silencing

4. When single-stranded RNA folds onto itself, it produces _____ which is used in RNAi.

double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)

twisted RNA (twRNA)

structural RNA (stRNA)

RNA complex (cRNA)

5. The phrase "genes in pieces" refers to:

exons interspersed with introns

gene splicing

ligase enzyme cutting the DNA

weak hydrogen bonding between nitrogen bases

6. Using only specific mRNAs from an activated gene in order to form a polypeptide or protein is called:

Alternate splicing

Exon shuffling

Exon scrambling

Alternate piecing

7. A single gene can also be used to make more than one protein when:

if a protein can be cut to make two separate proteins

trinucleotide repeats are inserted

microRNAs are split

acetyl groups split

8. A genetic disorder in which a long protein is incorrectly broken into separate proteins is:

dentinogenesis imperfecta

osteogenesis imperfecta

retinoblastoma

phenylketonuria

9. A virus that contains RNA instead of DNA is called a:

retrovirus

microvirus

RNAvirus

Altovirus

10. RNAs that are transcribed but NOT translated for amino acids are called:

non-coding RNA (ncRNA)

introgenous RNA (inRNA)

anti-coding RNA (acRNA)

exons

11. A gene that does not encode a protein, but its sequence closely resembles a gene which does get transcribed and translated is called a:

pseudogene

faux gene

gene mimic

pseudocopy

12. A repeating segment of DNA that frequently can move to another chromosome. (Also known as transposable elements)

transposons

histones

prions

transcriptomes

13. A common repeat throughout the human genome that is approximately 300 bases in length is called a/an:

Alu repeat

EcoRI repeat

Hind repeat

Exo repeat

14. Other components of noncoding DNA include:

promoters

exons

codons

anticodons

Explanation / Answer

1) mRNA; translation

2) cancer

3) RNA interference

4) dsRNA

5) exons interspersed with introns

6) Alternate splicing

7) if a protein can be cut to make two separate proteins

8) dentinogenesis imperfecta

9) RNAvirus

10) non-coding RNA (ncRNA)

11) pseudogene

12) transposons

13) Alu repeat

14) promoters

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