Summarize 400-600 words. CONTROVERSY Nutritional Genomics: Cant Deliver on Its P

Question

Summarize 400-600 words.

CONTROVERSY Nutritional Genomics: Cant Deliver on Its Promises? LO 11.7 Describe the emegng science of nubritional genomics Health care appears to be standng at the edge of a genenics evolution Tradtional heath -care systems emphasine eatment aher dsease symptoms anise Soon, this may gve way to a system amed at ident ying inig-h-es the science of hee changes in gene furcion hat healthy people-even children -ras n the geneme thet raise the odds of developing diseases in the futune. Onoe dentišed people with those tendencies may be helped to prevent or minime dseime through customied care based pralle the esut of an anaiysis ofic eria on each individuas geneetic profie A registered desian ienisat,fo example, may use the information to ndividualize medical nubrition therapy or those who already sufter Eness or to provide diets with just the right nutriants and ather bisactive laod components that precsely meet the wel client's noeds Table C11-1 Nutritional Genomics Terms physiological processes, ofhen by ieracting.directy or indinecty with the food components and otheracos in ways hat can be isheed Epi is a Greek pr ell Nse defsed in Chapter1 bstans H35 nsi proteins that lend structural support to the chmosone stracture and that elp toe activane or slence gese expressisn wethyl gres IMETHl small coes containing molecules that ameng ther aciectide (NU--h-e one of the subun from which DNA and RNA are This Controwarsy offers a tashe of the exciting reseasch in these areas-ere wial geeamies the science of ow foodland its compenersacts with the s much more to eam, and the science adances duly Table C11-1 dhtn- autshes among the e gs utihional gsonics epignseties, and others. Then the Conbroversy offers sone eidence that sggests a genamic ins bebween cheonic diseoses and diet SMP a typeof ic variation ivoleng a single changed ucleotice. The letters SNP dand for sgpolymorpham The closing section brings up some con weh powertul new research tok sunetc Nutritional Genomics Research which ganes interact wth nutriets and how nutrients and other bioactive food componens modity gene activities In one such technology. robetic ans wis, with their identical DNA, couldknown sequence onto a side. Then a computar compares the pattorn of develop d rerent diseases, or how a pregnant woman's diet might Torever aftect the health of her grandchldien gene expression of the knewn sequence with that of an unknown DNA sample or how phylochemicals might the ken from an individual's cls. This anseers to these and ohar mpteriesg expeessed lacively making are silenced linactiel, and ow they course of centain canersAl eas para comparison reveals which of the sample prie lie inne ream of ?.tritonai gencnics, gure C11-1 introduces nutritional respond under certan cond sons. The

Explanation / Answer

EPIGENETICS the name itself is SELF EXPLANATORY. It means epi- above genetics-gene .. which means modification on DNA without altering its gene sequence which in turn leads to either SWITCH ON/OFF the gene expression.

FOR EXAMPLE: we know that for a gene to be expressed in body it much undergo a process of replication of DNA transcription and translation leading to final expression of gene product..might it be a production of enzyme or any other thing.. so for replication to take place there must be unfolding of double standard DNA

kKEEPING THE ABOVE DISCRIPTIONAS BASE KNOWLEDGE WILL PROCEED TO WHAT HAPPENS IN EPIGENETICS

so as an example if DNA which is wrapped around HISTONE PROTEINS ... is tightly wrappred then it does not undergo unfolding thus no replication no transcription ahence no translation thus gene on that DNA is truned off and fail to express itself

THIS MODIFICATION OF DNA WITHOUT ALTERING THE GENE SEQUENCE IS TERMED AS EPIGENETICS.

thus the second part of first quesstion is justified AS this epigenetics causes gene trun on and off which intrun effects the final outcome which can be increased cell function or decreased cell function accoring to which gene has failed toexpressed or turned on to express

CONTROVERSIES IN GENETIC SCREENING: PRIVACY DISCRIMINATION CONSENT

these are the biggest controversies no one will be ready to give the consent .and we should ensure that no other , other than doctor and patient should haveaccess to these geneticrecords that confidentaiality must be maintained

ROLE OF VITAMIN B IN EXPRESSIONOF GENE :IT ACTS AS A MODULATOR FOR GENE EXPRESSION

FOR EXAMPLE AN ENZYME KNWON AS ASPARTATE AMINO TRANSFERANCEIS SYNTHESISED BY A GENE LETS NAME IT AS X GENE

now what normally happens is steroid harmone comes and binds to its receptor this leads to expression of the gene X producing aspartate aminotranferace enzyme actually this gene is steroid harmone receptor mediated gene expression meaning the gene expression is mediated via steroid harmone binding to receptor..

IN caseif vitamin B6 is HIGH this inactivates the binding of steroid harmone to its receptor thus suppressing the expression of the X gene.

snp MEANS SINGLE NUCLEIOTIDE POLYMORPHISM THAT means in DNA there will be difference in the nucleotide FOR EXAMPLE in place of thyamine we may have adenosine ..

this contributes to the disease by changing the response of the body to the diet either by defective absorption or metabolism

FOR EXAMPLE a gene say Y needs folate for its expression but in case of NSP there will be either defective absorption of folate or defective metabolism this leads to low folate in body though take in sufficient amount which leads to non expression of gene Y

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