1. Are there any abnormalities that you notice in the x-rays? 2. What is the mos

Question

1. Are there any abnormalities that you notice in the x-rays?

2. What is the most likely cause for the erythema, edema and pain?

3. Left untreated, what would be of concern in regards to structure and function?

4. What are some common treatments for this condition?

48-year-old Caucasian female presents to your clinic with erythema, edema and pain at the metacarpophalangeal joints bilaterally. She has noted increased pain and swelling during the last four months and is seeking treatment for her condition. You decide to do an x-ray of the hands and note the following: 10 cm

Explanation / Answer

1. any abnormalities that you notice in the x-rays.... this x-ray looks normal in first look as no abvious fracture, no visible deformity but on deep inspection it reveals some abnormilities like.....

a.partial adhision or decrease joint spaces in between meta carpal bones with signs of erosion

b. partial thickened PIP joints..

c. decrease joint space between radio-MCP joint...

2. most likely cause for the erythema, edema and pain....by some autoimmunological mechanism the process of inflammation gets started and the classical signs of inflammation is

so we see the erythema, edema and pain because of underlying inflammatory processes....

3.Left untreated, what would be of concern in regards to structure and function.... If left untreated it ultimately leads to parmanent structural deformity by fusion of joints and which leads to functional impairment and it affect the quality of life and increases morbidity.....

4. What are some common treatments for this condition....

this condition in medical terminology is known as artheritis...it can be rheumatoid artheritis most likely or other kind of artheritis ...

so the common treatment options for Artheritis are dependings upon the following goals

5. Are they other areas of the body that you might investigate....

As Artheritis is an autoimmune disorder so it affect the entire body by various means and extents so we are also looking some or any extraarticular manifestation lile

A. search for Rash... as erythema infectiosum, Malar rash, Livedo reticularis, Erythema marginatum , Palpable purpura etc...

B.eyes examination for ...Iritis or uveitis, Ischemic optic neuritis, Conjunctivitis. etc

C. Ears, nose, and throat examination for...Oral ulcers, Macroglossia, Bloody or severe sinusitis, Scalp tenderness. etc

D. Cardiovascular system examination for ....Mitral regurgitation and stenosis, Aortic regurgitation, Cardiomyopathies, etc

E. Gastrointestinal system examination for....Splenomegaly, Hepatomegaly, etc..

F. Genitourinary system examination for....Prostatitis, Hypogonadism, Scrotal or vulvar ulcers etc...

G. Neurologic system examination for...Entrapment neuropathies.Peripheral neuropathy, Mononeuritis multiplex, etc..

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