PLEASE ANSWER ALL OF THEM For the next section of the lab, we will use the Starr
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Question
PLEASE ANSWER ALL OF THEM
For the next section of the lab, we will use the Starry Night software to learn about Pluto's largest moon, Charon.
Click the plus sign (+) icon (a gray arrow for Mac) next to Pluto in the Find side pane. This action lists the moon Charon. Enable the first checkbox for Charon to label the moon on your screen. To see both Pluto and Charon, you might have to pan out by using the Zoom control buttons at the far right of the control panel. Keep in mind that Charon might be out of sight behind the dwarf planet itself. In that case, use the 3000x time speedsetting on the control panel to move time forward so that the moons are clearly visible. Remember that as you move time forward, you might have to click the Horizon and Daylight buttons on the button bar as needed.
Let's take a closer look at Charon. Double-click Charon in the list. This action centers Charon on your screen. Use the Zoom control buttons to get a close-up view. Click the information icon (i) in the left side pane to read a short description of this moon. Then select the Info tab on the left side pane and click the plus sign (+) (a gray arrow for Mac) to expand the different information categories.
Note the ratio of Charon's mass compared to the mass of Pluto itself. Its moon-to-(dwarf)-planet mass ratio is the largest in the solar system, and it has significant gravitational effects on Pluto. Compare this ratio with the very small moon-to-planet ratios of other moons in the solar system. Also compare Charon's mass-to-(dwarf)-planet ratio with Earth's moon-to-planet ratio, the second largest in the solar system at 0.0123 (or 1.23%). You can see why many scientists consider Pluto and Charon a double-planet (or dwarf-planet) system.
After you have had a chance to explore, use the Starry Night software to answer these questions.
What is the radius of Charon?
240 km
593 km
755 km
1267 km
1 points
QUESTION 14
Given Earth’s Moon’s radius of 1737 km, what is Charon’s radius in multiples of Earth’s Moon’s radius (divide Charon’s radius by Earth’s Moon’s radius)?
0.090
0.138
0.343
0.633
1 points
QUESTION 15
What is the mass of Charon in Earth masses?
Note: Starry Night has the wrong answer in the information tab. You will need to look on the web or in your books to find the right answer.
0.00145 Earth masses
0.00027 Earth masses
0.01862 Earth masses
0.02745 Earth masses
1 points
QUESTION 16
What is the ratio of Charon’s mass to Pluto’s mass?
0.124
0.446
0.857
1.245
1 points
QUESTION 17
What is the orbit size of Charon?
12547.5 km
15634.8 km
19571.4 km
23541.1 km
1 points
QUESTION 18
What is the orbit size of Charon in multiples of Pluto’s radius?
10.88
17.00
22.59
44.41
1 points
QUESTION 19
How long is a sidereal day on Charon?
4.2852 days
6.3872 days
9. 5593 days
10.8691 days
1 points
QUESTION 20
How long is a solar day on Charon?
3.4326 days
6.3868 days
9. 5576 days
10.6519 days
1 points
QUESTION 21
Lab 13 Figure 4 - Click Image to Enlarge
Pluto's Satellite Orbital Characteristics
For the next section of the lab, we will use the Starry Night software to observe some of Pluto's satellite orbital characteristics.
Zoom back out so that you can see Pluto and Charon. Double-click Pluto in the Find side pane to center on Pluto. Select the 3000x time speed on the control panel and watch the moons orbit Pluto. Click the Daylight andHorizon buttons as needed. The tilting of the orbits is a result of our local perspective. You can remove this effect by selecting View/Ecliptic guides and then choosing The Ecliptic.
Let's take a closer look at Charon's orbit. To better visualize the satellite orbital motion, enable both the first and second set of checkboxes in the Find side pane for Charon to label and trace its respective orbit around Pluto. Again, you might have to adjust the Zoom control to better view the orbital plane. To get a feel for how fast these moons move around in their orbits, slowly move time forward using the 300x or 3000x time speed and observe the orbital motion as it would appear as seen from Earth.
To see a different viewing perspective of Charon, right-click (Control-click for Mac) Pluto and select Graph Elongation of Moons. The graph shows the angular separation between Charon and Pluto.
To calculate maximum elongation, turn on the Angular Separation tool by selecting it from the cursor tool drop-down menu. Center your pointer on Pluto and then click and drag the pointer to the farthest extent of the moon's orbit (make sure that the orbit trace is on). The angular separation will be displayed.
You can move time forward with the time speed controls on the control panel, or you can simply grab the graph and drag to the left or right. You can also expand the horizontal resolution of the graph by clicking the plus and minus indicators at the top left of the graph. To increase the vertical resolution, grab the bottom of the graph and pull down. By moving the graph back and forth to look for different alignments, you can answer the following questions.
After you have had a chance to explore, use the Starry Night software to answer these questions.
What is the amount of time it takes for a complete cycle of Charon?
About 4.75 days
About 6.25 days
About 8.5 days
About 12.75 days
1 points
QUESTION 22
What is the maximum elongation of Charon?
0 .26“
0 .77”
1.29”
1.86”
1 points
QUESTION 23
Lab 13 Figure 5 - Click Image to Enlarge
Pluto's Orbital Characteristics
We will use the Starry Night software to observe the characteristics of Pluto's orbit. Hide the graph from the top of the screen by dragging its lower border up until the graph disappears.
Use the Zoom control at the far right of the control panel to zoom back out to full-scale view. Right-click (Control-click for Mac) Pluto and select Orbit. This action shows Pluto's orbital path as seen from Earth. Notice that you can see only a portion of Pluto's orbit because part of it is blocked by the horizon. Click the Horizon button on the button bar to hide Earth's horizon for a complete view of Pluto's orbit. Also click the Daylight button to turn off daylight. You should still be locked on to Pluto. If not, right-click (Control-click for Mac) the dwarf planet Pluto and select Centre. To maintain the proper perspective, select Ecliptic Guides from the View menu and then select The Ecliptic.
Enter December 1, 2014 in the Time and Date field and click the Sunset button. Note the constellation that Pluto is in on this date. Select 1 days from the Time Flow Rate drop-down list and click the Play time modebutton. If you need to slow down or speed up, adjust the Time Flow Rate field as needed.
You should see Pluto locked in the center of your field of view as it moves across the starry background. It should complete a full revolution in less than a minute.
After you have had a chance to explore, use the Starry Night software to answer these questions.
In what constellation is Pluto on December 1, 2014?
Sagittarius
Libra
Pisces
Aries
1 points
QUESTION 24
After Pluto leaves the constellation it occupies on December 1, 2014, it will return to that constellation periodically. In which of the years listed below does this happen?
2093
2158
2204
2254
1 points
QUESTION 25
Lab 13 Figure 6 - Click Image to Enlarge
Flying to Pluto
In this final section of the lab, we will explore from Pluto's surface. Let's see what a day (technically referred to as a solar day) would be like on Pluto. The easiest way to experience a solar day is by watching a sunset, taking note of the date and time, watching another consecutive sunset, and calculating the time difference between the two events. For the purposes of this exercise, set the date to December 1, 2014, click the Sunsetbutton, and turn off planet labels and elliptical tracks
View from the surface of Pluto by selecting Other from the Viewing Location drop-down menu and then selecting The Surface of, Pluto from the View From drop-down menu. Select Latitude/Longitude and enter a latitude of 30 degrees S and 40 degrees W. (Make sure that you include the "S" and the "W".) Click Go to Location. Be sure that your horizon is turned on so that you can see the photorealistic surface panorama. If the horizon is not at the bottom of your screen, go to Options, and selection Orientation -> Local(Standard).
Click the E viewing direction button on the button bar or press the E key on the keyboard. (Because Pluto rotates in retrograde, sunset will be to the East. In fact, you may want to zoom out a bit, because the sun may set more properly in the Southeast.) Select a Time Flow Rate of 10 minutes and click the Play time mode button. Click the Stop button when the Sun is near setting. Use the Step Forward and Step Backward time modebuttons until you see the Sun just starting to set. You might have to select a smaller unit of time until the Sun is just touching the horizon. Note the date and time of this event. Continue on to the next sunset and calculate the time difference between the two sunsets. This difference is the length of a solar day on Pluto. Record this information (you will need it to answer the questions).
Remember: the Sun is quite faint when viewed from Pluto, so it just looks like a bright yellow star. It may help to select the Sun in the Info tab. This will label it in the sky.
The solar day is not the same as the sidereal rotation period of Pluto. This is because the solar day takes into account both the rotation of the dwarf planet and the revolution of the dwarf planet around the Sun. Your calculation of a solar day is, therefore, different than the sidereal day found earlier in this activity from the Info tab.
To determine the revolutionary period, or Pluto's "year," return to the solar system view. From the Favourites menu, select C-The Planets/Outer Planets/Outer Solar System. Because Pluto is no longer classified as a major planet, it will not appear by default in the Outer Solar System view. In the Info menu, select Pluto. Next, right click on Pluto and select Orbit, so that Pluto's orbit will appear. Make careful not of Pluto location in its orbit in the year 2014. Select 1 Days from the Time Flow Rate drop-down list, click the Play time mode button, and note the time it takes for the dwarf planet to return to its original position. You might have to increase the number of days depending on the speed of your computer. When Pluto returns to the same location in its orbit that it occupied in the year 2014, that is one full revolution.
After you have had a chance to explore, use the Starry Night software to answer these questions.
Assuming a start date of December 1, 2014, what is the date and time of the first sunset on Pluto?
23:54 December 5, 2014
14:34 December 6, 2014
23:54 December 6, 2014
14:34 December 7, 2014
1 points
QUESTION 26
Assuming a start date of December 1, 2014, what is the date and time of the second sunset on Pluto?
23:54 December 12, 2014
14:34 December 13, 2014
23:54 December 13, 2014
14:34 December 14, 2014
1 points
QUESTION 27
Assuming a start date of December 1, 2014 at sunset, in what year does Pluto complete its first full revolution?
2064
2197
2262
2298
1 points
Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answers.
240 km
593 km
755 km
1267 km
Explanation / Answer
What is the radius of Charon?
Diameter of Charon = 1,172 kilometers
Radius = 1/2 * 1,172 kilometers = 586 km
The nearest option is 593 km
14) 593/1737 = 0.341
The nearest option is 0.343
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