Question1 Question2 When 1.08 g of hydrogen combines with 8.64 g of oxygen, 9.72

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Question2

When 1.08 g of hydrogen combines with 8.64 g of oxygen, 9.72 g of water is formed. During this chemical reaction, 3.09 x 105 J of energy is released. (a) Is the mass of the water larger or smaller than the mass of the reactants? larger smaller (b) What is the difference in mass? The correct answer is not zero. kg (c) Explain whether the change in mass is likely to be detectable. A global positioning system (GPS) satellite moves in a circular orbit with period 11 h 58 min. (Assume the mass of the earth is 5.98 x 1024 kg, and the radius of the earth is 6.37 x 106 m.) (a) Determine the radius of its orbit. m (b) Determine its speed. m/s (c) The nonmilitary GPS signal is broadcast at a frequency of 1 575.42 MHz in the reference frame of the satellite. When it is received on the Earth's surface by a GPS receiver (see figure above), what is the fractional change in this frequency due to time dilation as described by special relativity? Delta f/f = (d) The gravitational "blueshift" of the frequency according to general relativity is a separate effect. It is called a blueshift to indicate a change to a higher frequency. The magnitude of that fractional change is given by Delta f/f = Delta Ug/mc2 where Ug is the change in gravitational potential energy of an object-Earth system when the object of mass m is moved between the two points where the signal is observed. Calculate this fractional change in frequency due to the change in position of the satellite from the Earth's surface to its orbital position. Delta f/f = (e) What is the overall fractional change in frequency due to both time dilation and gravitational blueshift? Delta f/f=

Explanation / Answer

Using E = mc^2, you can find the equivalent mass for the 309000 J of energy released by the reaction.

E=mc^2
309000 J = m (300000000 m/s)^2
m = 3.43E-13 kg

change in mass is undetectable

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