Fill in the blanks to compare bacterial vs eukaryotic TRANSLATION. Instead of a

Question

Fill in the blanks to compare bacterial vs eukaryotic TRANSLATION.

Instead of a Shine-Dalgarno sequence, eukaryotic mRNA's use a structure called ------------- to bind with the------------- subunit of ribosomes. Therefore the eukaryotic cells need initiation factor-------------- whereas bacterial cells do not. In eukaryotes, but not bacteria, the mRNA sequence needed for optimal translation initiation follows-----------------------

Bacteria require----------------- , which is located in the ---------------- site of the large subunit, to join amino acids together by forming ----------------- bonds.

Bacteria and eukaryotes both have proteins called-------------------- that mimic the shape of a tRNA; these proteins bind to the---------------- and when they do, translation is--------------------

Explanation / Answer

Instead of a Shine-Dalgarno sequence, eukaryotic mRNA's use a structure called 5' cap to bind with the small subunit of ribosomes. Therefore the eukaryotic cells need initiation factor eiF whereas bacterial cells do not. In eukaryotes, but not bacteria, the mRNA sequence needed for optimal translation initiation follows kozak rules.

Bacteria require peptidyl-tRNA , which is located in the P- site of the large subunit, to join amino acids together by forming peptide bonds.

Bacteria and eukaryotes both have proteins called translation release factors  that mimic the shape of a tRNA; these proteins bind to the ribosome and when they do, translation is terminated.

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