Fill in the blanks for each type of cell communication. Trimeric G proteins are
ID: 299958 • Letter: F
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Fill in the blanks for each type of cell communication. Trimeric G proteins are called "trimeric" because... A. They trimerize when phosphorylated B. They can bind to ATP, GTP, and or CTP C. They have three subunits; alpha, beta, and gamma D. They have three types of receptors that active them E. There are trimeric ligands that hind this type of receptor When cells respond to an extracellular signal, they most often convert the information from one form to another. This process is called: A. signal transformation. B. signal transduction. C. signal pathway D. signal amplification. a. List three major TYPES of Cell-Surface Receptors a. Put the following steps of G-protein activation in order from 1 to 7. cAMP is made in large amounts by breaking apart ATP. Alpha subunit dissociates from beta gamma subunit. G-protein alpha subunit activates Adenylyl Cyclase. G-protein lets go of GDP. and binds to GTP. PKA's enzymatic activity is turned on leading to phosphorylation of transcription factor Ligand binds to Receptor, activating the receptor. Gene expression leads to changes in cell behavior. b. Put a star (*) next to the 2nd messenger step above.****Explanation / Answer
5. Contact-dependent- Small molecules and ion Via Gap Junctions- reaching the target by contacting the cytoplasm of the neighbor cell via channels (protein) through which they exchange small ions and molecules.Eg. Immune cells
Neuronal Via neurotransmitter- signals travel to target in the form of electrical impulses due to chemical changes.
Endocrine- via hormones- reach the target via the blood stream.
Paracrine: cytokines reach the target easily as they act only on nearby cells.
6. Answer . C. The name is given due to their subunits. Here they consist of three subunits called trimeric.
7. Answer B. Conversion from one form to another form is called transduction.
8. The 3 types are :Ion channel-linked receptor, Enzyme-linked receptors, G protein-coupled receptors
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