Fill in the blanks to compare bacterial vs eukaryotic TRANSLATION. Instead of a

Question

Fill in the blanks to compare bacterial vs eukaryotic TRANSLATION.

Instead of a Shine-Dalgarno sequence, eukaryotic mRNA's use a structure called 1.________ to bind with the 2._______ subunit of ribosomes. Therefore the eukaryotic cells need initiation factor 3.__________ whereas bacterial cells do not. In eukaryotes, but not bacteria, the mRNA sequence needed for optimal translation initiation follows 4.______________

Bacteria require 5._____________ , which is located in the 6.__________ site of the large subunit, to join amino acids together by forming 7._________ bonds.

Bacteria and eukaryotes both have proteins called 8.________ that mimic the shape of a tRNA; these proteins bind to the 9.__________ and when they do, translation is 10._____________.

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

Instead of a Shine-Dalgarno sequence, eukaryotic mRNA's use a structure called 5' cap to bind with the small subunit of ribosomes. Therefore the eukaryotic cells need initiation factor eiF whereas bacterial cells do not. In eukaryotes, but not bacteria, the mRNA sequence needed for optimal translation initiation follows kozak rules.

Bacteria require peptidyl-tRNA , which is located in the P- site of the large subunit, to join amino acids together by forming peptide bonds.

Bacteria and eukaryotes both have proteins called translation release factors  that mimic the shape of a tRNA; these proteins bind to the ribosome and when they do, translation is terminated

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