1. What are the predictions of the descent with modification hypothesis? How can
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Question
1. What are the predictions of the descent with modification hypothesis? How can they be tested? Have they been? What were the results? 2. Understand what a scientific theory is? What is a scientific law? What are evolutionary transitions? How do they help us understand 4. Review the anatomical and embryonic evidence for evolution and why it is 5. Are organisms perfectly adapted? Why is this evidence for or against 6. What are pseudogenes? evolution? Can you provide some examples? so important. What is evolutionary homology? evolution? 7. What is convergent evolution? How do you determine something is convergent evolution? 8. What is artificial selection? Examples?Explanation / Answer
Answer 2:
scientific theory: A scientific theory is an explanation of an aspect of the natural world that can be repeatedly tested, in accordance with the scientific method, using a predefined protocol of observation and experiment.
scientific law: A scientific law is a statement based on repeated experimental observations that describes some aspect of the universe.
a scientific law is the description of an observed phenomenon. It doesn't explain why the phenomenon exists or what causes it. The explanation of a phenomenon is called a scientific theory. It is a misconception that theories turn into laws with enough research.
Answer3:
evolutionary transitions:
The evolution of life on earth has been driven by a small number of major evolutionary transitions. These transitions have been characterized by individuals that could previously replicate independently, cooperating to form a new, more complex life form. For example, archaea and eubacteria formed eukaryotic cells,
Answer 6:
pseudogenes:
Pseudogenes are segments of DNA that are related to real genes. Pseudogenes have lost at least some functionality, relative to the complete gene, in cellular gene expression or protein-coding ability.Pseudogenes often result from the accumulation of multiple mutations within a gene whose product is not required for the survival of the organism, but can also be caused by genomic copy number variation (CNV) where segments of 1+ kb are duplicated or deleted. Although not fully functional, pseudogenes may be functional, similar to other kinds of noncoding DNA, which can perform regulatory functions. The "pseudo" in "pseudogene" implies a variation in sequence relative to the parent coding gene, but does not necessarily indicate pseudo-function. Despite being non-coding, many pseudogenes have important roles in normal physiology and abnormal pathology
Answer 7:
convergent evolution:
Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages. Convergent evolution creates analogous structures that have similar form or function but were not present in the last common ancestor of those groups.
Answer8:
Artificial selection:
Long before Darwin and Wallace, farmers and breeders were using the idea of selection to cause major changes in the features of their plants and animals over the course of decades. Farmers and breeders allowed only the plants and animals with desirable characteristics to reproduce, causing the evolution of farm stock. This process is called artificial selection because people (instead of nature) select which organisms get to reproduce.
Example:
These common vegetables were cultivated from forms of wild mustard. This is evolution through artificial selection.
1. Brocolli
2. cauliflower
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