1. What are the general characteristics of antibiotics and antibacterials? *Reco

Question

1. What are the general characteristics of antibiotics and antibacterials?

*Recognize the following major structures and know how changing the structure will effect the activity (if we discuss any):

Macrolides (erythromycin), Pencillins, Cephalosporins, Carbapenems

*For each of the chemical classes of antibiotics, state the following:

2. What is the mechanism or site of action?

3. Very generally, what is the spectrum of activity?

4. What are the common mechanisms for developing resistance?

5. Is this class static or cidal?

6. What are the major side effects?

7. What are the mechanisms of any drug drug interactions?

8. What differentiates agents within a class?

9. Specific study questions for Macrolides

10. Why is erythromycin given as an enteric coated formulation?

11. What is the purpose of an ester of erythromycin?

12. How do newer derivatives (e.g., Clarithromycin & Azithromycin) differ from erythromycin?

13. What is MLSB resistance?

Explanation / Answer

1.

There are two general characteristics of antibiotic or antibacteral-

Bacteriostatic:- which slow the growth of bacteria and prevent the fast multiplication of bacteria and rely on killing of bacteria by the immune cells.

Bacteriocidal:- which kills the bacteria directly and does not wait for the immune cells.

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