Questions to Answer ORGANIC MOLECULES What is a molecule? What is the distinctio
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Questions to Answer ORGANIC MOLECULES What is a molecule? What is the distinction between an organic molecule and an inorganic molecule? What is an atom? Draw the atomic structure of carbon, indicating the number and location of each proton, neutron, and electron What are water's life-supporting properties and why are they important to human survival/lifei? What kinds of bonds does carbon usually form with other atoms? How many of these bonds does carbon usually form? What is a chemical (or "functional") group? List 4-5 chemical groups and describe how these chemical groups affect the water solubility of the molecule to which they are attached. . hat is the difference between a monomer (subunit) and a polymer (macromolecule)? Provide examples of each. Be able to recognize the structure of the different monomers we have studied. Use the diagram on page 48 of your text (question #1-Connecting Concepts) to complete your review of this subject. n monomers needed to make different types of polymers that are essential to How do your cells obtai normal cell structure and function? What is the chemical reaction that produces a polymer from monomers? What does the name of the reaction tell you about what is happening in the reaction? Diagram this reaction for any one of the4 classes of macromolecules. . What is the chemical reaction that produces monomers from polymers? What does the name of this reaction tell you about what is happening in the reaction? Diagram this reaction for any one of the 4 classes of macromolecules. What is the significance of macromolecules to the human body?Explanation / Answer
1) A molecule is defined as the fundamental unit of a chemical compound which can take part in a chemical reaction. It is formed when atoms are bonded together by chemical bonds.
Organic molecules are those molecules that have carbon and Hydrogen atoms present. Usually organic molecules make up a living system. Example C6H12O6 - Glucose molecule
And inorganic molecules doesnot contain a carbon skelton.
Example : NO2 - Nitrogen dioxide
3) The unique properties of water include,
This properties of water are vital for sustaining life. For example, it is the high heat of vapourization that makes our body cool due to sweating. At times of sweat, water absorbs heat from the body and gets evaporated which helps in reducing the body heat.
Another example include, Density of water which is maximum at 40c. This makes aquatic life possible in areas of extreme lower temperatures ( ie, ice cold regions). Here, as water has maximum density at 40c, at 40c the water zinks. So, even if ice floats on the top, there is water below it, which makes aquatic life possible.
4) Usually Carbon atoms form covalent bonds. Very rarely they forms ionic bonds.
As the valency of carbon is 4, it can form four covalent bonds with other atoms which is most common.
5) In chemistry, Functional groups are certain groups of atoms that are present within a molecule and is responsible for the unique properties or reactivity of that particular molecule.
The common functional groups include,
The functional groups can provide either hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity to the molecule where it is present.
Usually, more polar the functional group more will be the solubility of the molecule.
For example, Carboxylic acid group and hydroxyl group , as they are hydrophilic in nature, it increases the solubility of the molecule whereas the presence of a phenolic group makes the molecule less soluble, as the phenol functional group is hydrophobic.
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