1. Explain the metabolic logic of insulin and glucagon regulation of glycogen me
ID: 198249 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Explain the metabolic logic of insulin and glucagon regulation of glycogen metabolism.
2. At the beginning of class on Monday, we completed a diagram that showed the regulation of glycogen phosphorylase. Deconstruct this diagram to show the regulation of muscle glycogen phosphorylase and liver glycogen phosphorylase.
3. Using the diagrams you constructed for question 2, what is the metabolic logic that supports the observation that muscle and liver glycogen phosphorylase are differentially regulated by glucose and AMP?
Explanation / Answer
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ques1-
To store glucose in the form of glycogen, Insulin stimulates the liver. small intestine absorbs a large amount of glucose which hepatocytes takes immediately,after which storage polymer glycogen is formed.
In liver there are many effects of insulin which stimulate glycogen synthesis. First of all, hexokinase enzyme is activated, which phosphorylates glucose, and traps it in the cell . Coincidently, activity of glucose-6-phosphatase is inhibited by insulin. several enzymes that are directly involved in glycogen synthesis are also activated by insulin, which are phosphofructokinase and glycogen synthase. The effect is insulin signals the liver to save it when the supply of glucose is more to use it afterward.
GLUCAGON EFFECTS -- It lowers the extracellular glucose, opposite to that of insulin. glucagon is released by pancreas when the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream falls too low. the action of glucagon is to signal the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, and then it is released into the bloodstream.
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