4. What would happen if the membrane became permeable to the Y+ ions? Is this mo

Question

4. What would happen if the membrane became permeable to the Y+ ions? Is this movement down an electrical or chemical gradient? Y+ Y+ X- y+ X- Y+ Y+Y+ X Y+ X- * Y+ + Y+ X- Y+ X- Y4 5. What are two factors that must be taken into account when determining which direction an ion will flow through an open channel? 6. What is a refractory period? What is responsible for the absolute refractory period? What is responsible for the relative refractory period? Is it possible to fire an action potential during these periods?

Explanation / Answer

Channels mediate facilitated transport.
It is a spontaneous passive transport that occurs along the concentration gradient.

4.
If the membrane becomes permeable to Y+ ions, they move up.
There are
8 X- ions and 8 Y+ ions below
2 X- ions and 2 Y+ ions above
So, the movement of Y+ ions will be along the chemical gradient.

5.
a. Chemical gradient
b. Electric gradient

6.
Relative refractory period = Period during the action potential (It is the time during which a stronger stimulus is needed to elicit an action potential).
Absolute refractory period = Period during the action potential (It is the time during which another stimulus given to a neuron will never elicit another action potential).

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