The fundamental objective of stormwater management is to simultaneously find a b
ID: 1765729 • Letter: T
Question
The fundamental objective of stormwater management is to simultaneously find a best management practice (BMP) or combination of BMPs that minimize changes in the post development runoff profile compared to the pre-development profile in terms of infiltration, quantity, quality (level of pollution), and speed while preserving the local hydrological balance, stream ecosystems and stream geometry. Identify and discuss which BMP or combination of BMPs will accomplish these objectives in the following types of landscapes:
a. An established urbanized watershed
b. A suburbanizing urban edge neighborhood
c. A central business district area building site
d. An industrial development cluster
e. An agricultural area
f. An undeveloped, forested area
Explanation / Answer
BMPs used for established urbanized watershed: BMPs are the guidelines and practices used to reduce the pollution from storm water runoff. In urban areas the source of pollution is non point and hence becomes difficult to be controlled. Following are the several categories of BMPs that are generally used in urbanized areas:
1. Impact development: It includes rain gardens, green roofs, porous pavements, water retaining ponds, etc.
2. Smart education: Education on proper use, storage and management of house hold materials.It includes encouraging people to use non toxic products.
3. Construction of silt fences around the site of construction
BMPs used for suburbanizing urban edge neighbourhood:
The quality of storm water runoff is comparitively better than the urban areas because a small amount of vegetation and plants exist in such areas. The BMPs used in sub urban do not differ much from the BMPs used in urban areas.
BMPs for central business district area building site:
Dispersion BMPs are used in such crowded areas. Engineered dispersion techniques are generally used. The collected runoff is conveyed to the open dispersion area via storm sewer pipes, ditches or some other method.
BMPs for industrial development cluster:
1. The outside scrap bins .
2. Scrap hoppers
3. Vaccum trucks
4. Drum and container containment
5. Biological based cleaners
BMPs for an agricultural area:
Vegetation acts an primary purifier for storm water run off in agricultural areas. There are no particular BMPs guidlines or practices for such areas
An undeveloped forested Area:
Harvesting, silviculture and road design are the tools to improve storm water runoff in such areas. Silviculture maintains the desired stand characteristics including adequate regeneration of species. Timber harvesting system improve a lot of erosion based problems.
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