A 26-year-old young man reported to his doctor with joint pain and fatigue. Comp
ID: 175514 • Letter: A
Question
A 26-year-old young man reported to his doctor with joint pain and fatigue. Complete blood count and differential counts were indicative of chronic myelogenous leukemia. The diagnosis was confirmed by karyotyping, showing 9/20 metaphases with the t(9;22) translocation. Quantitative PCR was performed to establish a baseline for monitoring tumor load during and following treatment. Treatment with Gleevec and a bone marrow transplant were recommended. The man had a twin brother, who volunteered to donate bone marrow. The two brothers were not sure if they were fraternal or identical twins. Donor and recipient buccal cells were sent to the molecular pathology laboratory for STR informative analysis. The results are shown below. STR analysis of two brothers, one who serves as bone marrow donor (D) to the other (R). Twelve loci are shown. Were the brothers fraternal or identical twins? Explain your answerExplanation / Answer
Answer:
Short tandem repeats (STRs): Normally nucleic acids of any 2 humans often shows disparity by 1 in 1000 nitrogen bases and usually the remaining 99.9% possess the similar bases. A similarity further enables the sequencing of the “reference” individual genome pertinent to every one of us. Some of our nucleic acid regions possess higher disparity compared to other individuals. Thereby STRs are the meticulous nucleic acid variations observed between individuals when observed with molecular diagnostics or forensics.
In the above give results, it has clearly observed that the “two brothers” are considered as identical twins because “short tandem repeat analysis” has not implemented to monitor “engraftment after bone transplantation”. This is because it has lower chance of graft compared to host disease using this bone marrow transplantation. Howver, there is no meticulous “effect of graft versus tumor effect”, which can potentially improve the chance isolating all the tumor cells
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