1. Calculate the surface temperature on Mars in the absence of greenhouse warmin

Question

1. Calculate the surface temperature on Mars in the absence of greenhouse warming. Recall that T=[FS(1-A)/4S]1/4 in the absence of greenhouse warming. The “solar constant” at Mars’ distance from the Sun is roughly 620 Wm-2; assume an albedo of 0.25. Here sigma(S) is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant.

A. 400 K

B.165 K

C.213 K

D. -60 K

2. Calculate the percent increase in transmission of light at 285 nm for a 1% decrease in the thickness of the ozone layer. Assuming an equivalent thickness of 0.34 cm before the decrease, and an extinction coefficient of 56 cm-1 at 285 nm, the percent increase in transmission of light at 285 nm for a 1% decrease in the thickness of the ozone layer is:

0.82%

0.018%

18%

82%

3.

As shown in class, the fraction of radiation emitted by the Earth’s surface that is absorbed by the atmosphere, f, is 0.77 (i.e., 77%). The other 23% of this energy is emitted directly to space. What fraction of the radiation that the Earth receives from the Sun is ultimately emitted back to space?

100%

95%

23%

77%

0.82%

0.018%

18%

82%

Explanation / Answer

Given that

FS=620 W/m^2

albedo A=0.25

sigma =5.67*10^-8 W.m^-2/K

now we find the temperature of sun

Temperature T={620(1-0.25)/4*5.67*10^-8}^1/4

=2.13*10^2 =213 k

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