Resistors are said to have \"resistive\" behavior while inductors and capacitors

Question

Resistors are said to have "resistive" behavior while inductors and capacitors are said to have reative" behavior. What arc the major differences between these two types of behavior? Consider capacitors and inductors. One of these devices behaves such that the voltage across it leads (in time) the current through it. Which is it and why does it have this behavior (i.e. what Physical principle explains this) ? In discussing the properties of RLC circuits, we found that analogies with a frictional mass on a spring were useful. Using this analogy, what are the mechanical equivalents of the charge, the current, the inductance, the capacitance? EXTRA CREDIT: what would be the mechanical equivalent of the magnetic flux?

Explanation / Answer

a) because in inductors and capacitors, there is wire resistance also.So these are reactive

b) In inductor voltage across it leads the current through it.

the voltage dropped across an inductor is a reaction against the change in current through it. Therefore, the instantaneous voltage is zero whenever the instantaneous current is at a peak (zero change, or level slope, on the current sine wave), and the instantaneous voltage is at a peak wherever the instantaneous current is at maximum change (the points of steepest slope on the current wave, where it crosses the zero line). This results in a voltage wave that is 90o out of phase with the current wave. (Lenz's Law)

c) Charge= momentum

current=x, dx/dt, d2x/dt2

inductance(L)= mass(m)

capacitance(c)= spring (k)

magnetic flux may be regarded as electric-charge momentum.

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