37. The major function of the cell wall is (A) to facilitate cell divison (B) to

Question

37.The major function of the cell wall is

(A)  to facilitate cell divison                                       (B)  to serve as a diffusion barrier

(C)  to allow for bacterial motility                               (D)  to provide rigid support and prevent lysis

(E)  to serve as an anchor for proteins

38.Penicillin and vancomycin prevent cross-bridge formation between

(A)  diaminopimelic acid and D-glutamic acid            (B)  L-alanine and D-alanine

(C)  diaminopimelic acid and D-alanine                     (D)  diaminopimelic acid and L-alanine

(E)  D-glutamic acid and D-alanine

39.An outer membrane is found in

(A)  all cells                                                             (B)  all prokaryotes

(C)  all bacteria                                                       (D)  all Gram-negative bacteria

(E)  all Gram-positive bacteria

40.The complex of DNA polymerase with its accessory components is called

(A)  nucleoid                                                           (B)  nucleus

(C)  origin of replication                                            (D)  replisome

(E)  setpum

41.Which of the following is the bacterial homolog of tubulin?

(A)  FtsZ                                                                 (B)  MreB

(C)  CreS                                                                (D)  MamK

(E)  MinD

42.Which of the following is an actin homolog that helps maintain cell shape?

(A)  FtsZ                                                                 (B)  MreB

(C)  CreS                                                                (D)  MamK

(E)  MinD

43.Which of the following is least involved in photosynthesis?

(A)  phycobilisomes                                                 (B)  thylakoids

(C)  carboxysomes                                                  (D)  chlorophyll

(E)  stalks

44.Capsule is composed of

(A)  nucleic acids                                                     (B)  lipoproteins

(C)  cardiolipin                                                         (D)  polysaccharides

(E)  murein

45.Pili and fimbriae are composed of

(A)  nucleic acids                                                     (B)  lipopolysaccharides

(C)  murein                                                              (D)  polysaccharides

(E)  amino acids

46.Which of the following subcellular structures is involved in adherence?

(A)  gas vesicles                                                      (B)  storage granules

(C)  pili                                                                    (D)  thylakoids

(E)  phycobilisomes

47.As temperatures drop, membrane fluidity decreases.  Which of the following changes to phospholipids will help maintain correct bacterial membrane fluidity under cold temperatures?

(A)  Formation of lipid monolayer.

(B)  An increase in the length of the fatty acid tails.

(C)  An increase in unsaturated fatty acids.

(D)  An increase in saturated fatty acids.

(E)  A switch from ester linkages between fatty acids and glycerol to ether linkages.

48.Which of the following statements regarding chemotaxis is true?

(A)  Attractants cause counterclockwise rotation of the flagella that makes the cells tumble

(B)  Attractants cause clockwise rotation of the flagella that makes the cells run

(C)  Attractants cause counterclockwise rotation of the flagella that makes the cells run

(D)  Attractants cause clockwise rotation of the flagella that makes the cells tumble

(E)  None of the above is true.

49.With 5 g of NaCl available, how much water is needed to make a solution at a concentration of 10 mg/mL?

(A)  0.5 mL                                                              (B)  5 mL

(C)  50 mL                                                               (D)  500 mL

(E)  5 L

50.How much of 1 M glucose stock solution is needed to make a 500-mL solution containing 25 mM glucose?

(A)  12.5 L                                                            (B)  125 L

(C)  12.5 mL                                                            (D)  125 mL

(E)  1.25 L

Explanation / Answer

37. Option D: Cell wall provides rigidity to the cell and protects the cell membrane hence preventing lysis.

38. Option C: inhibits the crosslinking of  diaminopimelic acid with D-alanine.

39. Option D: All gram negative bacteria will have an outer membrane.

40. Option D : A replisome is an complex that carries out replication of DNA with the help of DNA polymerase and other accessory proteins.

41. Option A : FtsZ is the bacterial homolog of tubulin.

42. Option B : MreB is an actin homolog that helps maintain cell shape in bacteria.

43. Option E : Stalks of plants are least involved in photosynthesis.

44. Option D : Capsules are composed of polysaccharides.

45. Option E : Pili and fimbriae are made up of proteins which in turn are made up of amino acids.

46. Option C : The primary function of the pili is to adhere to the specific surfaces.

47. Option C : An increase in unsaturated fatty acid in the membrane phospholipids can help maintain correct bacterial membrane fluidity under cold temperatures.

48. Option C : Attractants cause counterclockwise rotation of the flagella that makes the cells run.

49. Option D : 5g= 5000mg when dissolved in 500 ml we get a concentration of 10mg/ml

50. Option C : 12.5 ml Use the formula M1V1=M2V2

NOTE: Hope this helps. Please feel free to comment on the answer if you need additional explanation for the selected options. Please provide with the question number. Thank you.

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