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10 marks; due: Sept. 17-21 (beginning of lab) 1. Explain why staining is so valu

ID: 145756 • Letter: 1

Question


10 marks; due: Sept. 17-21 (beginning of lab) 1. Explain why staining is so valuable when observing bacterial cells. (2 marks) Complete the following table with the expected colour for each type of cell after each stage of the Gram stain. (4 marks) 2. Step Gram-positive cell Gram-negative cell Crystal violet Gram's iodine 95 % ethanol Safranin 3. Contrast the structure of Gram-positive and Gram-negative cell walls by providing TWO (2) differences. (2 marks) The endospore stain must be incubated over steam for 30 min in order for the stain to be pushed into the endospore. Describe what you should be doing during that 30 min for this staining procedure. (2 marks) 4.

Explanation / Answer

Answer 1 Staining is valuable because

Answer 2 Gram stain table

Step

Gram positive cell

Gram negative cell

Crystal violet

Violet

Violet

Gram’s iodine

Violet

Violet

95 % ethanol

Violet

Colorless

Safranin

Violet

Pink

Answer 3 Differences in cell wall of gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Answer 4 During the time (30 minutes) of steaming, I will ensure that the primary stain saturated paper which is kept on bacterial smear should cover the smear and remain saturated during whole of the incubation time. This would be confirmed by checking if steaming is there from slide. If steaming would not be there, more of primary stain would be added on to the paper.

Step

Gram positive cell

Gram negative cell

Crystal violet

Violet

Violet

Gram’s iodine

Violet

Violet

95 % ethanol

Violet

Colorless

Safranin

Violet

Pink