10 What is the most significant difference between a retroviral vector and an ad
ID: 84404 • Letter: 1
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10 What is the most significant difference between a retroviral vector and an adenoviral vector, when they are used for gene therapy in humans?
a) retroviruses can infect human cells, but adenoviruses cannot, so adenoviral vectors are safer
b) if you use an adenoviral vector, the ‘good’ gene being used for gene therapy will not be integrated into the host genome, reducing the risk of insertion into a bad location
c) if you use a retroviral vector, the ‘good’ gene being used for gene therapy will not be integrated into the host genome, reducing the risk of insertion into a bad location
d) adenoviruses can infect human cells, but retroviruses cannot, so retroviral vectors are safer
2)Which of these could be used to cure a genetic disease in a patient’s own cells?
a) bacterial transformation
b) germline gene therapy
c) genome wide association study
d) growth in tissue culture
e) somatic cell gene therapy
3)Which is a general property of a plasmid vector?
a) antibiotic resistance gene
b) DNA ligase
c) origin of DNA replication
d) two of the above
e) all of the above
4) Pick the best answer from the choices. Choices may be used more than once, or not at all.
a) cell suicide by orderly destruction of the cell b) differences observed in the appearance and behavior of cancer cells when grown in tissue culture
c) cells in tissue culture grow until they touch each other and then stop dividing
d) cells can divide without limit when grown in tissue culture
e) when tumor cells spread throughout the body to new sites
a) immortalization
b) metastasis
c) apoptosis
d) contact inhibition
e) transformed phenotype
4)Identify the following substances used or manipulated by the biotechnology industry.
a) glyphosate
b) Bt protein
c) growth hormone
d) beta-carotene
e) phytate
53) inhibits a chloroplast enzyme in most plants 54) factor that can cause animals to grow faster and larger
55) compound found in rice that binds up dietary iron
56) bacterial factor that kills insects that eat it
57) compound found in green vegetables but not in rice
Explanation / Answer
2. ANS: E. Somatic cell gene therapy
Explanation: Somatic cell gene therapy changes/fixes/replaces genes in just one person.
3. ANS: E. All of the above
Explanation:
Ligating an insert DNA into a plasmid requires complementary ends between the DNA and theplasmid vector.
The antibiotic resistance gene allows for selection in bacteria. However, many plasmids also have selectable markers for use in other cell types.
The origin of replication (also called the replication origin) is a particular sequence in a genome at which replication is initiated.
4. ANS: E. Phytate (biotechnology industry bit)
Explanation:
Glyphosate based herbicides since Monsanto's glyphosate patent
Growth hormone: Antibiotics are biotechnological products that inhibit bacterial growth or kill bacteria.
Beta-Carotene production using algal biotechnology
53. ANS: The herbicide glyphosate inhibits the chloroplast enzyme EPSP synthase
diuron (DCMU) phytotoxicity in plants is the destruction of chlorophyll
54. ANS: Hormones are the factor that can cause animals to grow faster and larger
The natural hormones estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, and the synthetic hormones trenbolone acetate, progestin melengestrol acetate, and zeranol, all of which make animals grow faster
55. ANS: Tannins are the compounds found in whole grains that bind to iron.
56. ANS: Toxin: It is a microbial substance able to induce host damage. The toxic substances produced by microorganisms had the capability of causing harmful effects when inhaled, ingested, injected or absorbed.
Ex: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a bacteria that produces proteins which are toxic to insects.
57. ANS: Vitamin A is highly found in green vegetables but not in rice. Because the chlorophyll content in rice is so poor when compared with green vegetables.
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