2. Explain the difference between a monosaccharice and a polysacchoride.[.5 poin

ID: 144916 • Letter: 2

Question

2. Explain the difference between a monosaccharice and a polysacchoride.[.5 point) Click here to enter text. 3. What biological macromolecules are made up of many amino acids joined by peptide bonds .5 point) Click here to enter text. 4. How do lipids differ from carbohydrates?(/5 point) IF Click here to enter text. 5. What is an enzyme? How do they aid in digestion? (.5 point) Click here to enter text. 6. In the lipid test, what observation indicates a positive result for lipids?(.5 point) Click here to enter text.

Explanation / Answer

Monosaccharide

Polysaccharide

Simple sugars

Macromolecules

Single or monomeric unit

Made up of many monomeric units or are polymers of monosaccharides

They act as reducing sugars

They do not act as reducing sugars

Example: Glucose, Fructose

Example: Cellulose, Glycogen

3. Amino acids are monomeric unit, that are linked together to form polypeptides or proteins.

The bonding is formed by Amine (NH2) group of one amino acid with Carboxyl (COOH) group of other amino acid to form peptide bond.

NH3- R1CH-CO-NH2- R2CH-CO-COO-

Thus, many amino acids are joined by peptide bonds to form macromolecule- proteins.

Lipids

Carbohydrates

Lipids comprises of hydrocarbons

They comprise of saccharides or sugars

They usually contain C, H, O, as well as other N, S, or other elements

The contain C, H, O

They constitute of fatty acid, glycerol, sterol, prenol, waxes, etc.

They constitute of monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides.

They are non-polar, hydrophobic

They are mostly hydrophilic

Metabolism yields 9 kcal/g of energy.

Metabolism yields 4 kcal/g of energy.

5. Enzymes are biological macro molecules (usually proteins), that act as catalysts.

They control rate of biochemical reactions in living systems. They are indispensable components of metabolic reactions and cellular activities.

Enzyme help in digestion as:

6. For detection of lipid Sudan test may be used. Sudan red test uses Sudan red dye, which is fat soluble, thus, stains lipid molecules. If 2 ml of oil is mixed with 2 ml of water and 2-3 drops of Sudan red dye is added. The oil components will take up the red stain.

Thus, positive test is indicated by red coloration, when dye stains the lipid component.