4. A green fluorescence protein reporter gene regulated by the eve stripe 4 modu

Question

4. A green fluorescence protein reporter gene regulated by the eve stripe 4 module is expressed (transcribed) in a single stripe of cells in the middle of Drosophila embryos. How do the cells in this stripe differ from the cell elsewhere in the embryo? 5. Homeodomains are protein DNA-binding domains that have a helix-turn-helix motif (see below). How do homeodomains bind to (i.e. make contact with) DNA? Why do the homeodomains different transcription factors bind to different enhancers? ribbon diagram of the goosecoid homeodomain 6. What are the two mechanisms by which insulators limit the effects of transcription factors to specific genes or sets of genes?

Explanation / Answer

4. This is due to the presence of the gap genes . These are special types of genes that when mutated produces gaps in the segmentation pattern . Different concentrations of the gap gene proteins will cause the transcription of pair-rule genes .

The transcription of different pair-rule genes causes the striped pattern .

5. A homeobox is a 180bp long DNA sequence which is involved in the morphogenesis of many organisms.

They encode for a homeodomain protein products - transcription factor that shares a characteristic protein folding which binds to the DNA.

This is called sequence homology .

6.The two mechanisms by which the insulator limits the effects of the transcription factors -

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