1. Macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils are all examples of __________

Question

1. Macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils are all examples of __________

a. Phagocytes

b. Lymphocytes

c. Basophils

d. Parasites

2._______ is an antimicrobial peptide secreted by many types of animal cells. It breaks bonds in peptidoglycan and is most effective against _______.

a. Lysozyme i. Fungi

b. Histatin ii. Viruses

c. Lactoferrin iii. Gram positive bacteria

d. N-acetylglucosamine iv. Gram negative bacteria

3. Use of antibiotics can cause perturbations in this innate immune component.

a. Macrophages b. Dendritic Cells c. Toll-like Receptors d. Microbiota

4. Which potential outcome of complement activation seems to only effect bacteria of the genus Neisseria?

a. Initiation of inflammatory response b. Opsonization c. Membrane attack complex formation d. Apoptosis

Explanation / Answer

1) Macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils are all examples of phagocytes.

Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting harmful foreign particules, bacteria and dead cells.

2)N acetylglucosamine Is an antimicrobial peptide secreted many types of animal cells. It break bonds in peptidoglycan and is most effective against gram negative bacteria.

3)Use of antibiotics can cause preturbations in this innate immune components is microbiota.

Gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by complex microbial population called microbiota. Antibiotic adminstration pretruds the intestinal microbiota and affects immune disease against pathogens.

4) Which potential outcome of complement activation seems to only effect bacteria of the genus Niesseria?

Opsonization. Neutrophils sre not able to do their job due to the ability of Niesseria to invade and replicate within neutrophils as well avoiding phagocytosis and being killed by complement by resisting opsonization by antibodies which target the pathogen for destruction.

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