2) Should we investigate possible differences in intelligence between sexes and

Question

2) Should we investigate possible differences in intelligence between sexes and possible causes of those differences? In your answer consider possible uses and misuses of whatever knowledge results, how important it might be to know the truth regardless of the consequences, and ways in which the science itself (and the results) could end up being biased. Keep your answer concise and focused and under 300 words (20 pts) 3) ediction about what will happen in Suppose a scientist, on the basis of a hypothesis she is testing, makes a pr her experiment, but then does not reject her hypothesis when her prediction turns out to be false. Might this behavior be scientifically justifiable? Might it be ethical? For both, indicate why/why not. Keep your answer concise and focused and under 300 words (20 pts) Should drug companies be allowed to advertise prescription drugs to the general public? Describe and briefly analyze reasoning for and reasoning against allowing such advertising, being sure specifically to address paternalism and respect for autonomy. Briefly give your own assessment about the arguments. Keep your answer concise and focused and under 300 words (20 pts) 4)

Explanation / Answer

4. Prescription drugs should not be advertised for general public. One of the main reasons for the same is that doctors have a basic knowledge about the molecules that are being used in a particular drug, with the exact understanding of the effects and side effects about the same. The doctors who are prescribing the medications are aware of the effects as well as side effects of the content molecules and with practice, have an understanding of which medicine has to be given to which patient, depending on their physiology. If such medicines are shown as advertisements, the general public would be misguided, as the advertisements would only show the effect of the medicine, without any details, that is required for using a drug. Hence, prescription drugs should not be shown as advertisements.

3. No, this behaviour is neither justifiable, nor ethical. For a scientist or researcher to be true to their work, it is required that they should present data in the form that is actually obtained. Any manipulation of data, is a false representation of the research that has been conducted and hence, is an ethical violation. This puts the validity of the experiment in question along with questioning the fidelity of the researcher. An incorrect representation of data also would result in incorrect driving forward of ideas in the research field. Hence, this is neither justifiable nor ethical.

2. The thought of measuring intelligence based on se-xes is itself demarcating one of the two, whichever it may be. The idea that a person might think that one se-x is more intelligent than the other, would mean that the researcher wants to prove that their gender is more intelligent than the opposite gender. Such thoughts or thinking affects the society as a whole as results when known to people would result they would develop stereotype against the gender which is shown to be lesser intelligent. Hence, such experiments or thoughts are harmful for the thought of the society as a whole.

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