A man holding a rock sits on a sled that is sliding across a frozen lake (neglig

Question

A man holding a rock sits on a sled that is sliding across a frozen lake (negligible friction) with a speed of 0.490 m/s. The total mass of the sled, man, and rock is 96.0 kg. The mass of the rock is 0.270 kg and the man can throw it with a speed of 16.0 m/s. Both speeds are relative to the ground. Determine the speed of the sled if the man throws the rock forward (i.e. in the direction the sled is moving).
____ m/s

Determine the speed of the sled if the man throws the rock directly backward.
____ m/s

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Explanation / Answer

From conservation of momentum...

(m + M)(v) = mv + Mv

(96.0)(.490) = (.27)(16) + (96.0 - .27)(v)

v = .446 m/s

for backward..

(m + M)(v) = mv + Mv

(96.0)(.490) = -(.27)(16) + (96.0 - .27)(v)

V = 0.54 m/s

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