Describe the significance of Mendeleev\'s periodic table. Compare the physical a

Question

Describe the significance of Mendeleev's periodic table. Compare the physical and chemical properties of metals and nonmetals. In the periodic table, the element hydrogen is sometimes grouped with the alkali metals and sometimes with the halogens. Explain why hydrogen can resemble an element from each group. Define ionic radius. How does the size of an atom change when it is converted to an anion and a cation? Arrange the following in order of increasing first ionization energy: Na, Cl, AI, S, and Cs. Define electron affinity. Explain why electron affinity measurements are made with gaseous atoms. Which atom should have a smaller first ionization energy: oxygen or sulfur? Which of the following atoms should have a larger first ionization energy: N or P ? Would the compound BeO be classified as acidic, basic, or amphoteric?

Explanation / Answer

1) Mendeelev's periodic table basically constructed basis on the atomic masses. According to him the elemental properties are the periodic functions of atomic masses. He arranged all elements in horizontal rows and verticle coulumns. He left some places for future existing elements.

2) Metals are the electron rich species and nonmetals are the elctron gain species. Metals always can form the positive ions while nonmetals can form the negatively charged species.

3) Hydrogen can form two types of compounds, In some compounds it will have +1 oxidation state and in other compounds it shows -1 oxidation state. Hence it should be placed either in alkali metals or it should be placed in halogens.

4) The distance from the nucleus to outer most radius is known as ionic/atomic radius. The anionic radius is always greater than the cationic radius.

5) Cs < Na < Al < S < Cl

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