3. (25 points) a. What is the hybridization of the carbon atoms 1 and 2 respecti

Question

3. (25 points) a. What is the hybridization of the carbon atoms 1 and 2 respectively in the following structure? )-CH=CH-CCH 2 2 Answer: sp sp sp , sp sp, sp sp , sp b. Which is the correct order of acidity in the following compounds? H,O CH CH CH, CH Answer: A>D>C>B A>D>B>C A>C>B>D D>B>A>C c. Which of the following statements apply to SN2 reactions? a. The reaction is first order in alkyl halide b. The order of reactivity is: methyl > 1>2> 3 c. The reaction is first order in nucleophile d. Skeletal rearrangements/1,2-shifts are common Answer: b,d a,d

Explanation / Answer

3 (a) The carbon 1 is sp2 hybridized (because it forms three sigma bonds and one pi bond) and carbon 2 is sp hybridized (because it forms 2 sigma and 2 pi bonds).

(b) A > D > C > B

H2O has polar and weak O-H bond so it is most acidic. Carbon atoms of acetylene are sp hybridized hence it has more S charecter hence making C-H bond little polar. In case of ethylene both carbons are sp2 hybridized, have less S charecter than acetylene. Hence less acidic than acetylene. Ethane carbons are sp3 hybridized, and hence have least S chareter, so C-H bond isnon polar which leads least acidi hydrogens.

(c) statements a and b are correct.

The order for SN2 is first for alkyl hailde and fist for nucleophile. The less hindered alkyl halide (methyl) react faster as compared to hindered alkyl halide (2 or 3).

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