The hypothalamus makes pituitary (neurohypophysis). Oxytocin, vasopressin (ADH)
ID: 98413 • Letter: T
Question
The hypothalamus makes pituitary (neurohypophysis). Oxytocin, vasopressin (ADH) ACTH, vasopressin LH, TSH Oxytocin, TSH The "fight-or-flight" hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine are produced by the: Adrenal cortex Adrenal medulla Pituitary Thyroid The hormone FSH is secreted by the: Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) Posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) Thyroid Ovary The ______ is the gland that is most important for the long-term stress response. adrenal cortex adrenal medulla pancreas thyroid Another name for the heart's natural pacemaker is the _________ node. SA AV RA LV Which of the following is the correct pathway by which blood flows through the heart? Right atrium rightarrow left atrium rightarrow left ventricle rightarrow right ventricle Right atrium rightarrow right ventricle rightarrow left atrium rightarrow left ventricle Left atrium rightarrow left ventricle rightarrow right atrium rightarrow right ventricle Left atrium rightarrow right atrium rightarrow left ventricle rightarrow right ventricle Most of the blood's volume (55%) is composed of: Plasma Red blood cells White blood cells Platelets Human red blood cells do NOT have: a nucleus a plasma membrane hemoglobin none is correctExplanation / Answer
21. The fight or flight response is also known as acute stress response was first described by American physiologist Walter Cannon. This response prepares the body to either fight or flee the threat, the threat can be real or imaginary.
In response to stressful conditions the sympathetic nervous system is activated which stimulates the adrenal glands, more specifically the adrenal medulla to secrete a cascade of hormones the catecholamines especially epinephrine and norepinephrine. This results in increase in heart rate, increased blood flow to the brain and muscles, sweaty palms and soles, erect hairs etc. The body takes about 20 to 60 minutes to return to its prior condition once the threat is gone.
Therefore the option is b, Adrenal medulla.
22. Follicle stimulating hormone or FSH is a gonadotropin, a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. The FSH and the Luteinizing hormone work together in the reproductive system and are responsible for the pubertal maturation and development of reproductive processes of the body.
In women the FSH helps in controlling the menstrual cycle and egg production from the ovaries.
In men the FSH helps to control the production of sperm. The amount of FSH in men is constant unlike in women where it varies throughout the woman’s menstrual cycle.
Therefore the option is a, anterior pituitary or adenohypophysis.
23. The adrenal glands are a pair of ductless gland placed above the kidneys. Adrenal glands regulate essential functions in the body by the secretion of hormones like maintaining biochemical balance and general stress response. The adrenal glands consist of outer adrenal cortex and inner adrenal medulla which are responsible for releases of different hormones.
The hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex provide long term response to stress. The main hormones produced by the adrenal cortex are the mineralcorticoids and glucocorticoids. The mineralcorticoids helps in regulating the salt and water balance in the body. The glucocorticoids regulate increase in blood glucose and reduces the effects of inflammation or swelling throughout the body.
The correct option is a, adrenal cortex.
24. The natural pacemaker of the heart is the sinus node present in the upper part of the wall of the right atrium is one of the important parts of circulatory system. It is responsible for the electric impulse generation and conduction through the muscle of the heart. The pacemaker cells set the pace for blood pumping and controls the heart rate. The pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node (SA) node forms the natural pacemaker and the rhythm it produces is called the sinus rhythm.
Therefore the correct option is a, SAnode.
25. The right and the left part of the heart work together. The blood enters the heart through two large veins, the inferior vena cava and the superior vena cava. The right atrium contracts and the blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle through the open tricuspid valve. When the ventricle contracts the tricuspid valve remains shut to prevent the backflow of blood. The blood moves into the pulmonary artery and to the lungs for oxygenation.
The pulmonary vein brings the oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium from where the blood moves to the left ventricle through the mitral valve. When the ventricle contracts the mitral valve remains shut and blood leaves the heart through the aortic valve into the aorta and to the body.
Therefore the correct option is b, Right atrium to Right ventricle to Left atrium to Left ventricle.
26. The blood plasma is the straw coloured liquid and makes about 55% of the total blood volume. It consists mostly of water upto 95% by volume and dissolved proteins, glucose, clotting factors, some electrolytes, carbon dioxide and oxygen.
It plays vital role in maintaining the osmotic pressure by maintaining the electrolytes balance and also protects the body from infection.
Therefore the correct option is a, Plasma.
27. The RBCs or erythrocytes make 40 to 50% of the total blood volume. They are relatively large microscopic cells without nuclei. The RBCs are responsible for the oxygen transport from lungs to all the parts of the body and carry away carbon dioxide.
Therefore the correct option is a, nucleus.
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