Lab 3 - Soil Infiltration and Runoff You will be conducting field research on ve
ID: 971066 • Letter: L
Question
Lab 3 - Soil Infiltration and Runoff You will be conducting field research on vegetation-covered, smooth-rock covered, paved, and bare soil surfaces after rainfall to determine infiltration and runoff results. Enter the Lab through the third item in this Unit's MUSE and proceed to Unit 3. The MUSE can be accessed by clicking on Learning Materials. Use all available resources in you lab environment, as well as the provided course materials and web resources to complete your lab report
Section 1: Gather the following information from field research while in the Phase 3 lab environment. Notice that each site you visit has a distinctly different surface, which could affect runoff.
One Inch of Rainfall
Shallow water infiltration
Deep water infiltration
Runoff water
Evaporation water
Vegetation
Mountain
Bare soil
Section 2: One inch of rainfall deposits 144 cubic inches (0.623 gallons) of water per square foot of surface area. Use the following formula to calculate the amount of water after one inch of rainfall (in gallons) for each section:
(0.623) x (square feet of surface area) x (% from lab demo*) = gallons of water
*Remember 40% is written as “0.40” in an equation.
One Inch of Rainfall
Shallow water infiltration
Deep water infiltration
Runoff water
Evaporation water
Vegetation
Mountain
Bare soil
Part II: For the following questions, provide your response in short-answer format (2–3 sentences each). Use this Phase’s activities and resources to assist you in answering.
How does the vegetation surface type affect the amount of runoff? Speculate why this happens.
How does the smooth mountain rock surface type affect the amount of runoff? Speculate why this happens.
How does the bare soil surface type affect the amount of runoff? Speculate why this happens.
How does vegetation slow and prevent sediment loss?
How does vegetation allow greater infiltration?
How does pavement or smooth rock runoff affect waterways?
How do heavy sediment deposits affect waterways?
How does sediment loss affect land and soil quality?
One Inch of Rainfall
Shallow water infiltration
Deep water infiltration
Runoff water
Evaporation water
Vegetation
Mountain
Bare soil
Explanation / Answer
Q-How does the smooth mountain rock surface type affect the amount of runoff? Speculate why this happens.
ans-Smooth mountain rock surface have hiegher run off rate then the vegetation surfaces.Because unlike vegetation soil smooth rock mountain have small facture that absorb very littile amount of water.
Q-How does the bare soil surface type affect the amount of runoff? Speculate why this happens.
ans-Bare soil surface have high rate of runoff rate so when rain hit bare surface it washed .This is because bare surface no any protection or nutrient . Tt has no any plantation.
Q- How does vegetation slow and prevent sediment loss?
Ans-Vegetation slow and prevent sediment loss because root of plant hold the soil and creat a shielding effect.Vegetation catches precipitation on its leaves, slowing it down or holding it while.So ground more time to absorb the water.
Q-How does vegetation allow greater infiltration?
Ans-Vegetation allow greater infiltration because root of plant absorb water it also decrease runoff rate.
Q-How does pavement or smooth rock runoff affect waterways?
Ans-Pavement or smooth rock runoff affect waterways by creating more impervious surfaces. Pavement and smoth rocks have high run off rate, water moves at faster rate and since water can not absorbed it goes to drainage system. This causes decrease in ground water level and well level.
Q-How do heavy sediment deposits affect waterways?
ans-Heavy sediment deposits affect waterways by developing blockage and depositing toxins. These toxins are deposited on the bed of river and lakes.
Q-How does sediment loss affect land and soil quality?
Ans-sediment loss affect land and soil quality because all valuable nutrients are lossed from soil. Due to sedimentation deposite water clearity&quality is reduced and due to toxins deposite water and ecosystem contaminate.
Q-How does the vegetation surface type affect the amount of runoff?
Ans-Vegetation surface have less run off rate because plants root hold the soil.They catches precipitation on its leaves, slowing it down or holding it for a while. This gives the surface more time for absorbtion of the water, so there's less runoff.
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