How much ventilation is occurring for each of the animals in the table below? Th
ID: 96910 • Letter: H
Question
How much ventilation is occurring for each of the animals in the table below? That is, how and much of the medium (air or water) is moved over the ventilatory surface per unit time, and how much of the oxygen in the medium enters the ventilatory structure (lung or gill). Use the data from your textbook to find these values and fill in the blanks in the table. You need to explain each step needed to arrive at your answers. % of the available oxygen that is removed from the medium as it passes over the respiratory structure: you'll need to determine the total volume passing through per unit time + find the values in the text to figure this out: be prepared to explain how you did this a) Explain why breathing rate alone cannot reveal the amount of ventilation. b. Explain why the % extraction is so different for the two animal c. Describe some characteristics of the gills or lungs that allow for efficient movement of oxygen from the medium into the structure. d. Explain the process that causes oxygen to move from the medium into the gill or lung. e. Explain how oxygen is carried from the gill or lung to the rest of the body.Explanation / Answer
8)
a) The breathing rate alone cannot reveal the amount of ventilation because the volume of air inhaled or exhaled per breath varies. This volume of air taken in during quiet inspiration is called as tidal volume.
b) The percentage extraction is different for the animals living in aquatic and terrestrial environment because of the differences in oxygen availability in air and water.
c) Lungs have specialised structures called alveoli which helps in exchange of gases. The diffusion of gases takes place between alveoli and blood because of differences in concentration gradient.
d) The process that causes oxygen to move from the medium into the gill or lung is the process of breathing. Breathing includes both inspiration and expiration.
e) Oxygen from the gill or lung is carried to the rest of the body by binding with hemoglobin present in the blood.
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