Which is the most reactive carboxylic acid derivative? An Amide An Ester An Acid
ID: 966989 • Letter: W
Question
Which is the most reactive carboxylic acid derivative? An Amide An Ester An Acid Chloride An Acid Anhydride Ketones can be synthesized from acid chlorides by: Reaction with one equivalent of a Grignard Reaction with alkyl lithium reagents It's just not possible... we don't have the technology and it's probably something that somebody needs to look into... Reaction with lithium dialkyl cuprates When reacting an acid chloride with an alcohol, the base pyridine is used. When reacting amines with acid chlorides, pyridine is not needed if excess of the amine is used. Why is this the case? Amines are much less nucleophilic than alcohols. When amines are used a radical mechanism is in operation Amines are very basic and excess amine can fill the role that pyridine plays. Amines are very acidic and excess amine can fill the role that pyridine plays.Explanation / Answer
Q. 1
The most reactive carboxylic acid derivative is an acid unhydride.
In acid unhydride, there are two carbonyl groups in which carbon is partial positive. This positive nature of carbon allow carbon-oxygen (middle) bond less stronger. There are such two bonds in unhydride so the overall stability structure is less.
Q. 2
Grignard reagent is used for this synthesis.
Q.3
Excess amine in the solution forms ammonium ion which has positive charge on it.
This positive charge can stabilize chloride ion that is done using pyridine in case of reaction of alcohol with acid chlorides.
Once the chloride ion is stabilized by ammonium ion then carbon of carbonyl becomes relatively positive charge and then ammine groups can attach on it.
So the correct answer for it is
Amines are very basic and excess amine can fill role that pyridine plays.
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