Given the following chemical equilibrium, NH_3 (aq) + H_2 O (I) NH_4^+ (aq ) + O

Question

Given the following chemical equilibrium, NH_3 (aq) + H_2 O (I) NH_4^+ (aq ) + OH^- (aq) H = -30 KJ mol^-1 Predict the direction of the shift (if any) in the reaction when the following actions are done. Indicate the reason for the shift as well. An aqueous solution of NH_3 is added: Direction: Reason: An aqueous solution of NH_4 CI is added: Direction: Reason: An aqueous solution of NaOH is added: Direction: Reason: An aqueous solution of KCI is added: Direction: Reason: An aqueous solution of HCI is added: Direction: Reason: The temperature is decreased: Direction: Reason:

Explanation / Answer

Answer – We know according to the Le chatelier principle there is affect the equilibrium position by changing factors like as the concentration of reactant species increase then there is equilibrium shifted towards product side means right side. For the endothermic reaction when we increase the temp there is equilibrium shifted towards product side means right side. When we increase the temp for the exothermic process then equilibrium shifted towards reactant side means left side. When we increase the pressure then equilibrium shifted towards fewer moles side. So using these criteria the following effects as follow –

a)An aqueous solution of NH3 is added – So when we added ammonia then reactant concentration increase equilibrium shifted towards product side means right side.

Direction – Forward

Reason – reactant side concentration increase

b) An aqueous solution of NH4Cl is added-

Direction – Backward (Reverse)

Reason – product side concentration increase

c) An aqueous solution of NaOH is added-

Direction – Backward (Reverse)

Reason – product side concentration increase

d) An aqueous solution of KCl is added-

Direction – No change   

Reason – KCl is not effect on the equilibrium for this one, since there is no KCl present in the reaction.

e) An aqueous solution of HCl is added-

Direction – Forward   

Reason – As we added HCl it is reacted with OH- and there is concentration of OH- decrease, so the equilibrium will shift toward the product side.

F) The temperature decrease –

Direction – Forward   

Reason –The given reaction is exothermic reaction, so it is already release the heat, so as we decrease the temp there is evolved heat gets absorbed maximum and reaction goes forwards.

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse G
• Subjects

---

---

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.